¿CUÁN CONVENCENTE ES LA TEORÍA POSITIVISTA DE H.L.A. ¿CIERVO?
(NO) ANTECEDENTES DE LAS CRÍTICAS
Palabras clave:
Filosofía del Derecho, Teorías del sistema jurídico, Hart, Dworkin
Resumen
Este artículo analiza el sistema jurídico positivista presentado por Herbert Lionel Adolphus Hart, quien basó su trabajo en la teoría del positivismo jurídico formulada por primera vez por Jeremy Bentham y John Austin. Es más, después de analizar los contrapuntos, principalmente en la obra de Ronald Dworkin, este escrito busca esbozar científicamente argumentos para difundir críticas infundadas y malas interpretaciones de la teoría de Hart, concluyendo con una evaluación de cuán convincente sigue siendo la teoría de Hart, a pesar de tantos debates y críticas sufridas durante más de cuatro décadas.
Citas
AUSTIN, John (1832). The Province of Jurisprudence Determined. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Lecture I. Ed. W.E. Rumble, 1995.
BENTHAM, Jeremy. Critical assessments of leading political philosophers. First published, London: Edited by Routledge. 1993.
BENTHAM, Jeremy. Of Laws in General, H.L.A. Hart. London: Athlone Press 1970.
BLASI, Vincent. The Checking Value in First Amendment Theory. In: Law & Social Inquiry - Chicago: Jornal of the American Bar Foundation, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 1977, pp. 521–649.
BRÍGIDO, Carolina. Jornal O Globo. Um ano após norma, cartórios de SP têm mais de 700 casamentos gays. 01/03/2014, p. b2.
CARVALHO, Paulo de Barros. Curso de Direito Tributário. 5. ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 1991.
COLEMAN, J. & Shapiro, S. The Oxford Handbook of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law, 1ª ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
DICKSON, Julie, "Interpretation and Coherence in Legal Reasoning", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL =
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. ``Judicial Discretion''. The Journal of Philosophy. Vol. 60, No. 21. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Association, Eastern Division, Sixtieth Annual Meeting. (Oct. 10, 1963), pp. 624-638.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. ‘How Law is like Literature’ in Dworkin. R., A Matter of Principle, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. 1985.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “Is There Really No Right Answer in Hard Cases?” reprinted in A Matter of Principle (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985), pp. 101 e ss.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “Objectivity and Truth: You’d Better Believe It,” Philosophy & Public Affairs 25 (1996), pp. 87–139.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “On Gaps in the Law,” in Controversies about the Law’s Ontology, editions Neil MacCormick & Paul Amselek (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), pp. 84–90
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “On Objectivity and Interpretation,” in A Matter of Interpretation , Law’s Empire, 76–86.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. Justice in Robes, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 2006.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. Law's Empire. London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1986; Simultaneous publication: Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1986.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. Taking Rights Seriously, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. 1977.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. The Model of Rules. (Model of Rules I). Chicago: The University of Chicago Law Review. 1967-1968, vol. 35, pp. 14 e ss.
ENDICOTT, Timothy A. O. ‘Putting Interpretation In Its Place’, Law and Philosophy, 13, 1994.
ENDICOTT, Timothy A. O. Vagueness in Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000.
FINNIS, John, "Natural Law Theories", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta (ed.) 2011, URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2014/entries/natural-law-theories/, acesso em: 01/08/2015.
GAMA, Tácio Lacerda. Obrigação e crédito tributário: anotações à margem da teoria de Paulo de Barros Carvalho. Revista Tributária e de Finanças Públicas 11 (50), São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais. pp. 98-113, 2003.
GARDNER, John. Book Review, 121 LAW Q. REV. 329, 333 (2005) - reviewing LACEY, Nicola. A life of H.L.A. Hart: The nightmare and the noble dream, 2004.
GREEN, Leslie, "Legal Positivism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2009 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL =
GUEST, Stephen. Ronald Dworkin. Stanford: Stanford University Press, third edition, 2013, p. 127).
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. “American Jurisprudence through English Eyes: The Nightmare and the Noble Dream,” in Essays in Jurisprudence and Philosophy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983), 139–40.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals 4 Harv. L. Rev., 71, pp. 593-629
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. ‘Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals’, 4 Harvard Law Review, 71: 593–629. 1958.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. “Legal Duty and Obligation,” in Essays on Bentham (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982) 149, 159.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. The Concept of Law, edited by Penelope Bulloch & Joseph Raz. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2nd edition. 1994.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. The Concept of Law. The Postscript - second edition 1994, first edition 1961, third edition. Ed ed.P. Bulloch and J. Raz. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2012.
LEITER, Brian. “Beyond the Hart/Dworkin Debate: The Methodology Problem in Jurisprudence”, American Journal of Jurisprudence 48: 17–51, 2003.
LEITER, Brian. Positivism, Formalism, Realism. Published by: Columbia Law Review Association, Inc. Columbia Law Review 99, pp, 1138-1164, n. 4, May (1999), p. 1142).
LEITER, Brian. The End of Empire: Dworkin and Jurisprudence in the 21st Century. U of Texas Law, Public Law Research Paper n. 70, Set./2004, pp. 4-5.)
MACCORMICK, Neil. “A Moralistic Case for A-moralistic Law”. Vol. 20, pp. 1-41. Valparaiso: Valparaiso Law Review. 1985.
PENNER, J. , Melissaris, E. McCoubrey & White’s Textbook on Jurisprudence (Oxford, Oxford University press, 5th edition 2012.
RAZ, Joseph, Authority, Law and Shapiro, Scott, “The ‘Hart-Dworkin’ Debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed”, 2007.
RAZ, Joseph. “Legal Reasons, Sources and Gaps,” in The Authority of Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979); Republish: The Monist Vol. 68 1985, p. 295-324.
SEBOK, Anthony. Legal, Positivism. in American Jurisprudence. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
SHAPIRO, Scott J., The "Hart-Dworkin" Debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed. U of Michigan - Public Law Working Paper n. 77, March, 2007.
SIMMONDS, Nigel E. Central Issues in Jurisprudence. London; Sweet & Maxwell 4th edition 2013.
SLATER, J. Jurisprudence (Autumn term, Unit 1 - 5). Buckingham: University press of Buckingham 2014.
SOARES, Marcelo Negri. Constituição, devido processo legal e coisa julgada no processo civil. 1. Ed. – São Paulo: Artemis Editora & Art Mutatis Mutandis, 2015.
BENTHAM, Jeremy. Critical assessments of leading political philosophers. First published, London: Edited by Routledge. 1993.
BENTHAM, Jeremy. Of Laws in General, H.L.A. Hart. London: Athlone Press 1970.
BLASI, Vincent. The Checking Value in First Amendment Theory. In: Law & Social Inquiry - Chicago: Jornal of the American Bar Foundation, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 1977, pp. 521–649.
BRÍGIDO, Carolina. Jornal O Globo. Um ano após norma, cartórios de SP têm mais de 700 casamentos gays. 01/03/2014, p. b2.
CARVALHO, Paulo de Barros. Curso de Direito Tributário. 5. ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 1991.
COLEMAN, J. & Shapiro, S. The Oxford Handbook of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law, 1ª ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
DICKSON, Julie, "Interpretation and Coherence in Legal Reasoning", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL =
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. ``Judicial Discretion''. The Journal of Philosophy. Vol. 60, No. 21. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Association, Eastern Division, Sixtieth Annual Meeting. (Oct. 10, 1963), pp. 624-638.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. ‘How Law is like Literature’ in Dworkin. R., A Matter of Principle, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. 1985.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “Is There Really No Right Answer in Hard Cases?” reprinted in A Matter of Principle (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985), pp. 101 e ss.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “Objectivity and Truth: You’d Better Believe It,” Philosophy & Public Affairs 25 (1996), pp. 87–139.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “On Gaps in the Law,” in Controversies about the Law’s Ontology, editions Neil MacCormick & Paul Amselek (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), pp. 84–90
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. “On Objectivity and Interpretation,” in A Matter of Interpretation , Law’s Empire, 76–86.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. Justice in Robes, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 2006.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. Law's Empire. London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1986; Simultaneous publication: Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1986.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. Taking Rights Seriously, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. 1977.
DWORKIN, Ronald Myles. The Model of Rules. (Model of Rules I). Chicago: The University of Chicago Law Review. 1967-1968, vol. 35, pp. 14 e ss.
ENDICOTT, Timothy A. O. ‘Putting Interpretation In Its Place’, Law and Philosophy, 13, 1994.
ENDICOTT, Timothy A. O. Vagueness in Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000.
FINNIS, John, "Natural Law Theories", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta (ed.) 2011, URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2014/entries/natural-law-theories/, acesso em: 01/08/2015.
GAMA, Tácio Lacerda. Obrigação e crédito tributário: anotações à margem da teoria de Paulo de Barros Carvalho. Revista Tributária e de Finanças Públicas 11 (50), São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais. pp. 98-113, 2003.
GARDNER, John. Book Review, 121 LAW Q. REV. 329, 333 (2005) - reviewing LACEY, Nicola. A life of H.L.A. Hart: The nightmare and the noble dream, 2004.
GREEN, Leslie, "Legal Positivism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2009 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL =
GUEST, Stephen. Ronald Dworkin. Stanford: Stanford University Press, third edition, 2013, p. 127).
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. “American Jurisprudence through English Eyes: The Nightmare and the Noble Dream,” in Essays in Jurisprudence and Philosophy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983), 139–40.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals 4 Harv. L. Rev., 71, pp. 593-629
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. ‘Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals’, 4 Harvard Law Review, 71: 593–629. 1958.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. “Legal Duty and Obligation,” in Essays on Bentham (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982) 149, 159.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. The Concept of Law, edited by Penelope Bulloch & Joseph Raz. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2nd edition. 1994.
HART, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. The Concept of Law. The Postscript - second edition 1994, first edition 1961, third edition. Ed ed.P. Bulloch and J. Raz. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2012.
LEITER, Brian. “Beyond the Hart/Dworkin Debate: The Methodology Problem in Jurisprudence”, American Journal of Jurisprudence 48: 17–51, 2003.
LEITER, Brian. Positivism, Formalism, Realism. Published by: Columbia Law Review Association, Inc. Columbia Law Review 99, pp, 1138-1164, n. 4, May (1999), p. 1142).
LEITER, Brian. The End of Empire: Dworkin and Jurisprudence in the 21st Century. U of Texas Law, Public Law Research Paper n. 70, Set./2004, pp. 4-5.)
MACCORMICK, Neil. “A Moralistic Case for A-moralistic Law”. Vol. 20, pp. 1-41. Valparaiso: Valparaiso Law Review. 1985.
PENNER, J. , Melissaris, E. McCoubrey & White’s Textbook on Jurisprudence (Oxford, Oxford University press, 5th edition 2012.
RAZ, Joseph, Authority, Law and Shapiro, Scott, “The ‘Hart-Dworkin’ Debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed”, 2007.
RAZ, Joseph. “Legal Reasons, Sources and Gaps,” in The Authority of Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979); Republish: The Monist Vol. 68 1985, p. 295-324.
SEBOK, Anthony. Legal, Positivism. in American Jurisprudence. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
SHAPIRO, Scott J., The "Hart-Dworkin" Debate: A Short Guide for the Perplexed. U of Michigan - Public Law Working Paper n. 77, March, 2007.
SIMMONDS, Nigel E. Central Issues in Jurisprudence. London; Sweet & Maxwell 4th edition 2013.
SLATER, J. Jurisprudence (Autumn term, Unit 1 - 5). Buckingham: University press of Buckingham 2014.
SOARES, Marcelo Negri. Constituição, devido processo legal e coisa julgada no processo civil. 1. Ed. – São Paulo: Artemis Editora & Art Mutatis Mutandis, 2015.
Publicado
2024-07-18
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Artigos Estrangeiros
