Influence of growth regulators and plant extracts on the morphogenetic response of Calli of Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal

Abstract

The cubiu plant (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) is a solanaceous plant native to the Amazon region. It has drawn increased interest from researchers due to the fruit’s agro-industrial potential. Since the seeds lose their viability quickly, the development of alternative strategies such as large-scale clonal propagation of plants to meet the demand of agro-industrial production is on the demand. Current analysis investigates the influence of growth regulators and plant extracts on the in vitro morphogenesis of S. sessiliflorum to establish a protocol for the species’s somatic embryogenesis. Hypocotyl-derived calli were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 10 mg L-1 NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid) and 1 mg L-1, ZEA (Zeatin), sucrose (30 g L-1) and agar (6.5 g L-1). These calli were then inoculated in flasks containing MS medium and undergoing the following treatments: lack of growth regulators, supplemented with NAA (10 mg L-1) and ZEA (1 mg L-1 ), supplemented with 300 mg L-1 and 600 mg L-1 of aqueous extract of Jasminum mesnyi Hance, autoclaved and also filter sterilized. Calli’s fresh mass, appearance and texture were evaluated after 35 and 70 days of culture. Addition of NAA (10 mg L-1) and ZEA (1 mg L-1) to the culture medium caused a higher biomass accumulation and promoted callus growth. The evaluation of the effect of autoclaved and filter sterilized extracts showed that callus growth was greater at higher concentrations (600 mg L-1). Despite the friable appearance of the formed calli, the embryogenetic route was not inducted.