Allelopathic potential of Chloris gayana extracts in the germination of soybean and the hairy beggartick
Abstract
The allelopathic effect of concentrations of extracts of the aerial section of Chloris gayana under the germination of soybean seeds and hairy beggartick is evaluated. Assay was conducted in a totally randomized design where seeds were placed on germitest paper with an aqueous extract of leaves of C. gayana in concentrations 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% and maintained in a germination chamber at 25°C for a 12-h light photoperiod. Variables analyzed comprised first germination count, germination percentage, germination speed index, length and dry mass of root, aerial and total section. Data underwent analysis of variance by test F (p<0.05) and regression analysis for different concentrations of the extract. Results showed that aqueous extract of C. gayana may significantly affect the germination and initial growth of seedlings, with a reduction of up to 26% on soybean germination with 50% concentration, plus the lowest development of seedlings of both species as from 25% of extract. Results show that aqueous extracts of Chloris gayana leaves have an allelopathic effect on seed germination and growth of soybean seedlings at concentrations 50 and 100%, respectively. In the case of hairy beggartick, there was no significant effect of the extracts in seed germination, except for total length and total dry mass of the seedlings, at concentrations 50 and 75%, respectively.References
ABD-ELGAWAD, A. M.; MASHALY, I. A.; ABU ZIADA, M. E.; DEWEEB, M. R. Phytotoxicity of three Plantago species on germination and seedling growth of hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L.). Egypt. J. basic appl. Sci., v. 2, n. 4, p. 303-309, 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2015.07.003.
AWAL, M. A.; AHSAN, A. K. M. A.; PRAMANIK, M. H. R. Effect of aqueous extract of grass weeds on seed germination and seedling growth of vegetable crops. Asian J. Research Bot., v. 4, n. 1, p. 1-10, 2020.
BERNSTEIN, E. R.; STOLTENBERG, D. E.; POSNER, J. L.; HEDTCKE, J. L. Weed community dynamics and suppression in tilled and no-tillage transitional organic winter rye-soybean systems. Weed Sci., v. 62, p. 125-137, 2014. Doi: 10.1614/WS-D-13-00090.1.
BONFIM, F. P. G.; HONÓRIO, I. C. G.; CASALI, V. W. D.; FONSECA, M. C. M.; MANTOVANI-ALVARENGA, E.; ANDRADE, F. M. C.; PEREIRA, A. J.; GONÇALVES, M. G. Potencial alelopático de extratos aquosos de Melissa officinalis L. e Mentha x villosa L. na germinação e vigor de sementes de Plantago major L. Rev. Bras. Plantas Med., Botucatu, v. 13, p. 564-568, 2011. Doi: 10.1590/S1516-05722011000500010.
BRASIL. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Regras para análise de sementes. Brasília: Secretaria de Defesa Agropecuária, 2009. 399p.
BRUNHARO, C. A. C. G.; PATTERSON, E. L.; CARRIJO, D. R.; MELO, M. S. C.; NICOLAI, M.; GAINES, T. A.; NISSENBAND, S.; CHRISTOFFOLETIA, P. J. Confirmation and mechanism of glyphosate resistance in tall windmill grass (Chloris elata) from Brazil. Pest Manag. Sci., v. 72, n. 9, p. 1758-1764, 2016. Doi: 10.1002/ps.4205.
CARVALHO, S. J. P.; PEREIRA, R. F. S.; LÓPEZ-OVEJERO, R. F.; NICOLAI, M.; CHRISTOFFOLETI, P. J. Crescimento, desenvolvimento e produção de sementes da planta daninha capim-branco (Chloris polydactyla). Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 23, n. 4, p. 603-609, 2005. Doi: 10.1590/S0100-83582005000400007.
CARVALHO, W. P.; CARVALHO, G. J.; ABBADE NETO, D. O.; TEIXEIRA, L. G. V. Alelopatia de extratos de adubos verdes sobre a germinação e crescimento inicial de alface. Biosci. J., Uberlândia, v. 30, supplement 1, p. 1-11, 2014.
CHENG, F.; CHENG, Z. Research progress on the use of plant allelopathy in agriculture and the physiological and ecological mechanisms of allelopathy. Frontiers, v. 6, 2015. Doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01020.
CONAB. Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento. Disponível em: https://www.conab.gov.br/info-agro/safras/graos. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2021.
CORREIA, N. M.; RESENDE, I. Response of three Chloris elata populations to herbicides sprayed in pre- and post-emergence. Planta daninha, Viçosa, v. 36, 2018. Doi: 10.1590/s0100-83582018360100078.
DAVIDSON, B.; COOK, T.; CHAUHAN, B. S. Alternative options to glyphosate for control of large Echinochloa colona and Chloris virgata plants in cropping fallows. Plants, v. 8, n. 245, 2019. Doi: 10.3390/plants8080245.
FERREIRA, A. G.; ÁQUILA, M. E. A. Alelopatia: uma área emergente da ecofisiologia. R. Bras. Fisiol. Veg., v. 12, p. 175-204, 2000.
FERREIRA, D. F. Sisvar: a Guide for its Bootstrap procedures in multiple comparisons. Ciênc. Agrotec., Lavras, v. 38, n. 2, p. 109-112, 2014. Doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542014000200001.
GHIMIRE, B. K.; WANG, M. H.; SACKS, E. J.; YU, C. Y.; KIM, S. H.; CHUNG, I. M. Screening of allelochemicals in Miscanthus sacchariflorus extracts and assessment of their effects on germination and seedling growth of common weeds. Plants, v. 9, 2020. Doi: 10.3390/plants9101313.
GOMAA, N. H.; HASSAN, M. O.; FAHMY, G. M.; GONZÁLEZ, L.; HAMMOUDA, O.; ATTEYA, A. M. Allelopathic effects of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the germination and seedling growth of crop and weed species. Acta Bot. Bras., Feira de Santana, v. 28, n. 3, p. 408-416, 2014. Doi: 10.1590/0102-33062014abb3433.
HUSSAIN, F.; RASOOL, A.; AZIZ, K.; RAISHAM, S.; AZIZ, S.; BADSHAH, L.; HUSSAIN, W. Allelopathic inhibition of germination, seedling growth and cell division of selected plant species by Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. Plant Sci. Today, Horizon e-Publishing Group, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-8, 2020. Doi: 10.14719/pst.2020.7.1.606.
IMAZ, J. A.; GIMÉNEZ, D. O.; GRIMOLDI, A. A.; STRIKER, G. G. Ability to recover overrides the negative effects of flooding on growth of tropical grasses Chloris gayana and Panicum coloratum. Crop Pasture Sci., v. 66, p. 100-106, 2015. DOI: 10.1071/CP14172.
JUGULAM, M. Biology, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Weeds. Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 2017. 230p.
KRENCHINSKI, F. H.; ALBRECHT, L. P.; ALBRECHT, A. J. P.; ZONETTI, P. C.; TESSELE, A.; BARROSO, A. R. M.; PLACIDO, H. F. Allelopathic potential of Cymbopogon citratus over beggarticks (Bidens sp.) germination. Aust. J. Crop Sci., v. 11, n. 3, p. 277-283, 2017. Doi: 10.21475/ajcs.17.11.03.pne362.
LEKBERG, Y.; BEVER, J. D.; BUNN, R. A.; CALLAWAY, R. M.; HART, M. M.; KIVLIN, S. N.; KLIRONOMOS, J.; LARKIN, B. G.; MARON, J. L.; REINHART, K. O.; REMKE, M.; PUTTEN, W. H. V. Relative importance of competition and plant-soil feedback, their synergy, context dependency and implications for coexistence. Ecol. Lett., v. 21, p. 1268-1281, 2018. Doi: 10.1111/ele.13093.
LI, J.; CHEN, L.; CHEN, Q.; MIAO, Y.; PENG, Z.; HUANG, B.; GUO, L.; LIU, D.; DU, H. Allelopathic effect of Artemisia argyi on the germination and growth of various weeds. Sci. Rep., v. 11, p. 1-15, 2021. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83752-6.
MAGUIRE, J. D. Speed of germination-aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Sci., v. 2, n. 2, p. 176-177, 1962. Doi: 10.2135/cropsci1962.0011183X000200020033x.
MEHMOOD, A.; TANVEER, A.; NADEEN, M. A.; ZAHIR, Z. A. Comparative allelopathic potential of metabolites of two Alternanthera species against germination and seedling growth of rice. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 32, n. 1, p. 1-10, 2014. Doi: 10.1590/S0100-83582014000100001.
MENDES, R. R.; ADEGAS, F. S.; TAKANO, H. K.; VITAL SILVA, V. F.; MACHADO, F. G.; OLIVEIRA JR, R. S. Multiple resistance to glyphosate and imazethapyr in Bidens subalternans. Ciênc. Agrotec., v. 43, 2019. Doi: 10.1590/1413-7054201943009919.
OLIVEIRA, J. S.; PEIXOTO, C. P.; LEDO, C. A. S.; ALMEIDA, A. T. Aqueous plant extracts in the control of Bidens pilosa L. Arq. Inst. Biol., v. 86, p. 1-6, 2019. Doi: 10.1590/1808‑1657000532016.
ORACZ, K.; BAILLY, C.; GNIAZDOWSKA, A.; CÔME, D.; CORBINEAU, F.; BOGATEK, R. Induction of oxidative stress by sunflower phytotoxins in germinating mustard seeds. J. Chem. Ecol., v. 33, p. 251-264, 2007. Doi: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-006-9222-9.
PONSENS, J.; HANSON, J.; SCHELLBERG, J.; MOESELER, B. M. Characterization of phenotypic diversity, yield and response to drought stress in a collection of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) accessions. Field Crops Res., v. 118, p. 57-72, 2010. Doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2010.04.008.
RADHAKRISHNAN, R.; ALQARAWI, A. A.; ABDALLAH, E. F. Bioherbicides: Current knowledge on weed control mechanism. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., v. 158, p. 131-138, 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.018.
RAFAIN, E. F.; GUBIAN, J. E.; ROSA, D. P.; NUNES, A. L. Correlation between sowing and fertilizer application systems and weeds in soybean crops. Rev. Caatinga, Mossoró, v. 33, n. 2, p. 281-286, 2020. Doi: 10.1590/1983-21252020v33n201rc.
RASOOL, G.; MAHAJAN, G.; YADAV, R.; HANIF, Z.; CHAUHAN, B. S. Row spacing is more important than seeding rate for increasing Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) control and grain yield in soybean (Glycine max). Crop Pasture Sci., v. 68, p. 620-624, 2017. Doi: 10.1071/CP17229.
SCAVO, A.; ABBATE, C.; MAUROMICALE, G. Plant allelochemicals: agronomic, nutritional and ecological relevance in the soil system. Plant Soil, v. 442, p. 23-48, 2019. Doi: 10.1007/s11104-019-04190-y.
TAIZ, L.; ZEIGER, E.; MOLLER, I. M.; MURPHY, A. Fisiologia e desenvolvimento vegetal. 6. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2017.
TAKANO, H. K.; OLIVEIRA JR, R. S.; CONSTANTIN, J.; BRAZ, G. B. P.; FRANCHINI, L. H. M.; BURGOS, N. R. Multiple resistance to atrazine and imazethapyr in hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa). Ciênc. Agrotec., v. 40, n. 5, p. 547-554, 2016. Doi: 10.1590/1413-70542016405022316.
TIBUGARI, H.; MARUMAHOKO, P.; MANDUMBU, R.; MANGOSHO, E.; MANYERUKE, N.; TIVANI, S.; MAGAYA, R.; CHINWA, H. Allelopathic sorghum aqueous extracts reduce biomass of hairy beggarticks. Cogent Biology, v. 6, 2020. Doi: 10.1080/23312025.2020.1810382.
WANDSCHEER, A. C. D.; RIZZARDI, M. A. Interference of soybean and corn with Chloris distichophylla. Ciênc. Agrotec., Lavras, v. 37, n. 4, p. 306-312, 2013. Doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542013000400003.
WANG, J.; ZHOU, P.; SHI, Y.; YANG, N.; YAN, L.; ZHAO, Q.; YANG, C.; GUAN, Y. Primary metabolite contents are correlated with seed protein and oil traits in near-isogenic lines of soybean. The Crop J., v. 7, p. 651-659, 2019. Doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2019.04.002.
ZHANG, Z.; LIU, Y.; YUAN, L.; WEBER, E.; KLEUNEN, M. V. Effect of allelopathy on plant performance: a meta-analysis. Ecol. Lett., v. 24, p. 348-362, 2020. Doi: 10.1111/ele.13627.
ZOHAIB, A.; TABASSUM, E. T.; ABBAS, T.; RASOOL, T. Influence of water soluble phenolics of Vicia sativa L. on germination and seedling growth of pulse crops. Sci. Agri., v. 8, n. 3, p. 148-151, 2014. Doi: 10.15192/PSCP.SA.2014.4.3.148151.
ZOHAIB, A.; ABBAS, T.; TABASSUM, T. Weeds cause losses in field crops through allelopathy. Not. Sci. Biol., v. 8, p. 47-56, 2016. Doi: 10.15835/nsb.8.1.9752.
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
A Revista se reserva o direito de efetuar, nos originais, alterações de ordem normativa, ortográfica e gramatical, com o intuito de manter o padrão culto da língua, respeitando, porém, o estilo dos autores. As opiniões emitidas pelos autores são de sua exclusiva responsabilidade.Os direitos autorais pertencem exclusivamente aos autores. Os direitos de licenciamento utilizado pelo periódico é a licença Creative Commons Attribution
Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional. São permitidos o compartilhamento (cópia e distribuição do material em qualquer meio ou formato) e adaptação (remixar, transformar, e criar a partir do trabalho, mesmo para fins comerciais), desde que lhe atribuam o devido crédito pela criação original.