EFFECTS OF OSMOTIC STRESS IN THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Abstract
Soil salinity is a chemical factor featuring one of the problems that most affect fertility and agricultural productivity, particularly in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. Current research evaluates the effects of saline stress in the early development of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sown in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. The experiment comprised experimental concentrations, namely, 0.0; 40.0; 80.0; 120.0; 160.0; 200.0 m mol L-1 of potassium chloride (KCl). Three sub-samples of seeds treated with the respective salt concentration were used for each concentration analyzed. The morpho-physiological variables analyzed were germination percentage (%G), germination velocity index (GVI), mean germination time (MGT), growth of root and aerial part (mm), inhibitory potential (IP) and fresh and dry biomass of the root and of the aerial section. Results show that KCl provided toxicity for the germination of P. vulgaris seeds even when available in the lowest salt concentration rate analyzed (40 m mol L-1), reducing variables such as %G. GVI was affected as from concentration 80 m mol L-1. Aerial part and of the roots of P. vulgaris seedlings decreased at the same period that KCl was exposed; likewise, fresh and dry biomass of the seedlings, with the salt´s more toxic effects in concentration 200 m mol L-1 of KCl. Saline soils with KCl concentrations above 40 m mol L-1 jeopardize germination and the early development of P. vulgaris.References
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