A COVID-19 NAS GESTANTES: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Resumo
O artigo busca elucidar dúvidas tais quais: amamentação, via de parto, condutas obstétricas frequentes em gestantes com suspeita ou confirmação de Covid-19. Do mesmo modo servir como guia para médicos, trazendo informações atualizadas da literatura e divulgadas pelas principais instituições internacionais de obstetrícia. Foi realizada uma revisão em 43 artigos, publicados pelas 11 maiores instituições de obstetrícia, as quais relatam as principais recomendações referentes à infecção por coronavírus na gestação. Discute-se a possibilidade de transmissão vertical, teratogenicidade, quadro clínico esperado e seu agravamento, métodos diagnósticos e recomendações em relação à profilaxia medicamentosa e comportamental. Sabe-se que grávidas negras, asiáticas, com mais de 35 anos, no terceiro trimestre de gestação, com comorbidades respiratórias, hipertensão, diabetes ou soropositivas possuem maior risco de adoecimento e internação. Sem registros de transmissão vertical, porém, a infecção materna aumenta o risco de complicações fetais, tais como febre, tosse, mialgia, dispneia, odinofagia, anosmia, náuseas e vômitos, congestão nasal e ageusia. O agravamento da doença é caracterizado por hipotensão, taquipneia, alteração do nível de consciência, redução do débito urinário e saturação de oxigênio menor que 93%. No diagnóstico, o teste de antígenos e o RT-PCR são os mais utilizados. As medidas profiláticas com hidroxicloroquina ou vacinação com Bacille-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) não apresentam eficácia comprovada cientificamente, sendo, portanto, recomendadas somente medidas preventivas relacionadas ao contato com o novo vírus. Por ser um vírus novo, ainda há algumas contradições e contraindicações referentes ao manejo clínico, desse modo, o presente artigo busca disseminar informações valiosas para o tratamento eficaz das pacientes acometidas.Referências
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