COVID-19 AND PREGNANT WOMEN: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Keywords: Pregnancy, Coronavirus, Infections by coronavirus

Abstract

Current paper elucidates the following issues: breast-feeding, type of delivery, frequent obstetric behaviors in pregnant females suspected of or with confirmed covid-19 infection, for the guidance of physicians through updated information of the literature and published by the main international obstetrics institutions. Forty-three papers, published by the eleven most important obstetric institutions were reviewed. They report the main recommendations on infection by Coronavirus during pregnancy: the possibility of vertical transmission, teratogenicity, expected clinical stance and its progress, diagnostic methods and recommendations with regard to medical and behavioral prophylaxis. It is well-known that Negro females, Asiatic females, over 35 years old, in the third trimester of pregnancy, with respiratory comorbidities, hypertension, diabetes or serum positive have greater risks for getting ill and hospitalization. However, without any occurrence of vertical transmission, maternal infection increased risk to fetal complications, such as fever, coughing, myalgia, dyspnea, odynophagia, anosmia, nauseas and vomits, nasal congestion and ageusia. The worsening of the disease is characterized by hypotension, tachypnea, alterations in conscience levels, reduction of urine and oxygen saturation less than 93%. Antigen and RT-PCR tests are mostly employed for diagnosis. Prophylactic practices with hydroxychloroquine or vaccine with Bacille-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) have no scientific efficacy. Preventive measures related to contact with the new virus are thus recommended. Due to its novelty, there are contradictions and contra-indications with regard to clinical management. Current paper provides relevant information for the effective treatment of patients.

Author Biographies

Gabriela Pomaleski, Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univille
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Julia Pomaleski, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Isabele Teixeira Jung, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Julia Isadora Turos da Silva, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Breno Rampeloti, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Leticia de Rocco Fangueiro, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Ana Clara Mazetti, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Ana Clara Mamede Muniz, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Andreza Iolanda Apati Pinto, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Acadêmico do curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Joinville (SC), Brasil.
Jean Carl Silva, Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE
Doutor em Ciências Médicas pela Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Docente de Obstetrícia no Curso de Medicina na Universidade da Região de Joinville (SC), Brasil.

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Published
2021-11-30