Use of fungi in biodegradation of basidiomycetes textile effluents

Abstract

Textile industries have contributed significantly to environmental contamination, due to the production of waste with low levels of degradation, including colors from the dyeing steps, effluent being discarded with intense color. This type of effluent has a very variable composition, due to the diversity of colors used daily. There are physical and chemical treatments for these wastes, however the biological treatments have been highlighting for being natural, not requiring the use of chemicals in their development. Thus, this study aimed, through a literature review, assess the main biochemical characteristics of enzyme systems in fungi basidiomycetes used in the biodegradation of textile dyes contained in effluent. Among the microorganisms used for biological treatment of such fungi from white rot basidiomycetes (White-rot fungi), producers of ligninolytic enzymes, such as enzymes Lignin Peroxidase (LIPS), manganese peroxidase (MNPS) and laccase. The use of these fungi in bioprocesses involving environmental decontamination has grown in recent times as regards the use of enzymatic systems due to advantages of its use. Among these elements we can highlight the efficiency of various compounds and dyes degradation, in addition to the high potential for action in the recovery of environments, is therefore a promising group for application in biotechnological processes. However, further studies should be conducted to better understand the reaction of ligninolytic enzymes in compounds present in textile effluents in order to find the body with greater adaptation and thus greater production of ligninolytic enzymes able to degrade these types of waste at an affordable cost to industrial application.