HORMONE REGULATION OF GLYCERONEOGENESIS

  • Franciele Neves Moreno Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM
  • Márcia Nascimento Brito Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM
Keywords: Glyceroneogenesis, PEPCK-C, Adipose tissue, Liver, Hormone control.

Abstract

Glyceroneogenesis is the metabolic pathway which causes the conversion of pyruvate, lactate and aminoacids, mainly alanin, into glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), especially during fasting, and thus guarantees the synthesis of triacylglycerols (TAG). Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) is its key enzyme and is currently thought to be a restrictive mechanism to lipolysis, moderating the formation of ketone bodies and thus acidosis. The pathway lies in the white and brown adipose tissue and also in the liver. It may be important for the solution of human obesity and Type II diabetes. Current research analyzes the hormone factors, such as insulin, glycocorticoids, glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine and β-adrenergic agonists, which are the main pathway’s regulators. The sympathetic nervous system also participates in the regulation although it is a response caused by metabolic and hormonal factors. Further, other factors also partake of glyceroneogenesis control, such as cytokines or adipokines, since they decrease PEPCK-C’s gene expression and thus glyceroneogenesis. However, they cause an increase in AGL. The regulation of glyceroneogenesis depends on the subject’s metabolic state and on the type of tissue and organ in which it occurs, mainly by PEPCK-C regulation.

Author Biographies

Franciele Neves Moreno, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM
Especialista em Fisiologia Humana pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM; Graduada em Ciências Biológicas – Licenciatura pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM; E-mail: francielemoreno@gmail.com
Márcia Nascimento Brito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM
Doutora em Fisiologia pela Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto – SP, Universidade de São Paulo - FMRP-USP; Graduada em Ciências Biológicas – Licenciatura pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM; E-mail: mnbrito@uem.br
Published
2012-03-30
Section
Artigos de Revisão