APPLICABILITY OF ERYTHROCYTE PHENOTYPING IN VOLUNTARY DONORS AND POLYTRANSFUSED PATIENTS

  • Romir Rodrigues Universidade Paranaense
  • Danilo Silvestre Gerônimo Especialista em Análises Clínicas
  • Sidney Edson Mella Junior Centro Universitário Maringá - CESUMAR
  • Maria Luisa Dias Fraga Peron Hemonúcleo Regional de Paranavaí
Keywords: Alloimmunization, Blood Phenotypology, Transfusion Reactions

Abstract

Alloimmunization is the formation of antibodies against antigens in incompatible blood transfusion and in pregnant women. Chronically pathological patients and those dependent in blood transfusions may likely develop alloimmunization. The formation of allo-antibodies in polytransfused people depends on the stimulating antigens and the titer. Besides a fast response, there is also the formation of memory antibodies. In the case of polytransfused patients compatible hemocomponents establish minimal risks in transfusion reactions. Further, erythrocyte phenotyping gives a higher availability for compatible hemocomponents. Current research characterizes the importance of the donor´s erythrocyte phenotyping for other antigens beside ABO and RH(D). They determine the frequency of transfusion reactions for allo-antibodies and possible immunogenicity in polytransfused patients. Assay was conducted between 31 December 2005 and 31 December 2009 with a sample of 960 patients, comprising 316 receivers and 644 donors enrolled at the regional Hemonucleus of Paranavaí. Research project had the approval of the Ethic Committee of the Cesumar (Protocol CEP 002/2010, CAAE 0001.0.299.000-10). Data were statistically evaluated by Prisma 5.0 at a 5% significance (p<0.05). Results show that 29.82% of receptors have alloantibody Anti-D; 13.16% have crioagglutinins; 22.83% have two alloantibodies; 1.76% have three alloantibodies. Further, 75.32% are attended at the Kidney Clinic in Paranavaí; 17.09% in the Santa Casa/ Hospital Regional de Paranavaí, for the age bracket ranging between 46 and 60 anos. Receptors for more than two or more alloantibodies increase the probability of alloimmunization. When the receptor has two alloantibodies as, for instance, Anti-D and Anti-M, disregarding ABO phenotyping, only 1.86% of donors are compatible. When ABO phenotyping is taken into consideration, the number of donors decreases to 0.62%. When erythrocytes antigens that receptor presents as negative are taken into account and the compatibility with antigens with high immunogenicity is chosen, only 0.47 of donors are compatible. This number is reduced to 0.31 of compatible donors with antigens featuring moderate immunogenicity.

Author Biographies

Romir Rodrigues, Universidade Paranaense
Docente Adjunto, Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Paranaense – UNIPAR; Farmacêutico do Hemonúcleo Regional de Paranavaí – PR.
Danilo Silvestre Gerônimo, Especialista em Análises Clínicas
Especialista em Análises Clínicas pelo Centro Universitário de Maringá – UNICESUMAR; Farmacêutico Generalista.
Sidney Edson Mella Junior, Centro Universitário Maringá - CESUMAR
Docente Adjunto, Mestre em Ciências Biológicas, Curso de Farmácia, Centro Universitário de Maringá – UNICESUMAR
Maria Luisa Dias Fraga Peron, Hemonúcleo Regional de Paranavaí
Mestre em Análises Clínicas pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Diretora Técnica do Hemonúcleo Regional de Paranavaí, PR.
Published
2013-09-12
Section
Artigos Originais