Synergistic potential of nitrogen fertilization and endophytic microorganisms on initial growth of Sorghum bicolor
Abstract
Endophytic microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate fungi (DSF) may influence plant development according to soil microbial interaction and fertility. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen levels on the interaction of AMF and DSF on initial sorghum growth. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to sorghum cultivation in four treatments (Control - without inoculation of AMF and three mycorrhizal isolates: UFLA351 - Rhizoglomus clarum, UFLA372 - Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and UFLA401 - Acaulospora morrowiae) and four nitrogen levels (N): 0, 100, 300, and 600 mg Kg-1 of N. The sorghum seeds presented the filamentous fungi Rhizoctonia, Colletotrichum, Curvularia, Fusarium, Helminthosporium and Mucor; and the bacterium Bacillus subtillis, which may have interfered with plant growth. In the UFLA351 and UFLA372 treatments, the increase in nitrogen levels reduces the initial growth of sorghum, but does not influence the colonization rate of endophytic fungi DSE. The UFLA401 isolate favors the initial growth of sorghum, but without nitrogen fertilization. The endophytic fungi “dark septate” can influence the rate of mycorrhizal colonization and, therefore, the initial growth of sorghum, depending on the microbial interaction.References
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