Factors associated with high mental health scores of university teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2023v16n1.e11419Keywords:
Covid-19, Faculty, Mental Health, UniversitiesAbstract
This work aims to present mental health indicators and identify factors associated with mental health indicators among university teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 339 professors from four Brazilian federal universities. They answered to an online questionnaire, from August to September 2021. Mental health was assessed using depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21). The majority have had normal scores for the three dimensions, anxiety (57.20; I.C 95%: 51.76-62.53), depression (61.10; I.C 95%: 55.63-66.24) and stress (56.64; 95% C.I.: 51.17-61.95). High scores for depression, anxiety and/or stress were associated with previous diagnosis of mental disorder, request for work leave because of the pandemic, spending at least 12 hours alone per day, seeking but not getting medical assistance during the pandemic and worsened emotional state (selfperceived) during social and physical distancing measures.Downloads
References
1. World Health Organization. Who coronavirus (COVID-19) [Internet]. Geneva: 2022 (citado em 20 ago 2022). Disponível em: https://COVID19.who.int/
2. Khan M, Adil SF, Alkhathlan HZ, Tahir MN, Saif S, Khan M, Khan ST. COVID-19: a global challenge with old history epidemiology and progress so far. Molecules. 2021; 26:39. DOI: Https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010039
3. Ventura DF, Ribeiro L, Giuliu GM, Jaime PC, Nunes J, Bógus CM, Antunes JL, Waldman EA. Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic: for a Brazilian research agenda in global health and sustainability. Cad. Saúde Pública 2020; 36:e00040620. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00040620
4. Aquino EM, Silveira IH, Pescarini JM, Aquino R, Souza-Filho JÁ, Rocha AS, et al. Social distancing measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic: potential impacts and challenges in Brazil. Cien Saude Colet. 2020; 25:2423-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020
5. Banerjee D, Meena KS. COVID-19 as an “infodemic” in public health: critical role of the social media. Front. Public Health. 2021, 9:1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.610623
6. Villela EFM, López RVM, Sato APS, Oliveira FM, Waldman EA, Berg VD, Fodjo JB, Colebunders R. COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil: adherence to national preventive measures and impact on people’s lives, an online survey. BMC Public Health. 2021, 21(1):152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10222-z
7. Bueno-Notivol J, Gracia-García P, Olaya B, Lasheras I, López-Antón R, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of depression during the COVID-19 outbreak: a meta-analysis of community-based studie. Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2021; 21(1):100196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.07.007
8. Lange KW. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and global mental health. Global Health Journal. 2021, 5(1):36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2021.02.004
9. Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain behave. immune. 2020, 89:531-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048
10. Reimers FM. Learning from a Pandemic: The impact of COVID-19 on education around the world In: Reimers FM (eds). Primary and secondary education during COVID-19. Springer Cham. 2021, 1:1-37.
11. Santos GM, Silva ME, Belmonte BR. COVID-19: emergency remote teaching and university professors’ mental health. Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant. 2021; 21:245-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9304202100S100013
12. Ariño DO, Bardagi MP. Relations between academic factors and mental health of university students. Psicol. Pesq. 2018, 12:44-52. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24879/2018001200300544
13. Khan A, Din SU, Anwar M. Sources and adverse effects of burnout among academic staff: a systematic review. City Univ. Res. Journ. 2019; 9(2):350-63.
14. Baptista MN, Soares TFP, Raad AJ, Santos LM. Burnout, estresse, depressão e suporte laboral em professores universitários. RPOT. 2019, 19(1):564-70. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17652/rpot/2019.1.15417
15. Freitas RF, Ramos DS, Freitas TF, Souza GR, Pereira EJ, Lessa AC. Prevalência e fatores associados aos sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em professores universitários durante a pandemia da COVID-19. J. bras. Psiquiatr. 2021; 70(4):283-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000348
16. Gomes NP, Carvalho MRS, Silva AF, Moita CE, Santos JRL, Couto TM, Carvalho LC, Almeida LC. Mental health of university professors in times of COVID-19. Saude Soc. 2021; 30:e200605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902021200605
17. Husky MM, Masfety VK, Swendsen JD. Stress and anxiety among university students in France during COVID-19 mandatory confinement. Compr. Psychiatry. 2020; 102:1-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152191
18. Miyah Y, Benjelloun M, Lairini S, Lahrichi A. COVID-19: impact on public health, environment, human psychology, global socioeconomy, and education. Scientific World Jour. 2022, 1:1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5578284
19. Baptista, CJ, Martins AM. Screening for depression, anxiety, and stress in the initial and middle stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in a university’s community in the Mid-West Brazil, 2020. Res., Soc. Dev. 2022; 11(12):e17111233588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.33588
20. Torres AG, Nolasco LE, Oliveira MG, Martins AM. COVID-19 e saúde mental de universitários: revisão integrativa internacional. Psicol. Saúde 2021; 13(4):183–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20435/pssa.v13i4.1567
21. Vignola RSB, Tucci AM. Adaptation and validation of the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) to Brazilian Portuguese. J. Affect. Disord. 2014; 155:104-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.031
22. Kursa MB, Rudnicki WR. Feature Selection with the Boruta Package. J. Stat. Softw. 2010; 36(11):1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v036.i11
23. Shinan-Altman S, Levkovich I. Are personal resources and perceived stress associated with psychological outcomes among Israeli teachers during the third COVID-19 lockdown? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2022; 19(9):5634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095634
24. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Idoiaga Mondragon N, Bueno-Notivol J, Pérez-Moreno M, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid systematic review with meta-analysis. Brain Sci. 2021; 11:1172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091172
25. Cruz R, Rocha RE, Andreoni S, Pesca AD. Retorno ao trabalho? Indicadores de saúde mental em professores durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Rev. Polyphonía. 2020; 31(1):325–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5216/rp.v31i1.66964
26. Souza KR, Borges SG, Rodrigues AMS, Feliz EG, Gomes L, Rocha GL, Conceição RC, Rocha FS, Peixoto RB. Trabalho remoto, saúde docente e greve virtual em cenário de pandemia. Trab Educ Saúde. 2021; 19:e00309141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sol00309
27. Santamaría MD, Mondragon NI, Santxo NB, Ozamiz-Etxebarria N. Teacher stress, anxiety and depression at the beginning of the academic year during the COVID-19 pandemic. Glob Ment Health. 2021. 12:8-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2021.14
28. Macêdo S. Ser mulher trabalhadora e mãe no contexto da pandemia COVID-19: tecendo sentidos. Rev. NUFEN, 2020; 12(2):187-204. https://dx.doi.org/10.26823/RevistadoNUFEN.vol12.nº02rex.33
29. França FF, Priori C, Galinkin AL. Os impactos da pandemia (COVID-19) no cotidiano das pessoas: desafios e contribuições dos estudos de gênero e dos feminismos - Entrevista com Joana Maria Pedro. Rev. Ed. Ling. 2020; 9(7):11-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33871/22386084.2020.9.17.11-25
30. Palma-Vasquez C, Carrasco D, Hernando-Rodriguez JC. Mental health of teachers who have teleworked due to COVID-19. Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021; 11(2):515-528. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020037
31. Jakubowski TD, Sitko-Dominik MM. Teachers' mental health during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. PLoS One. 2021; 16(9):e0257252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257252
32. Campos B, Tchalekian B, Paiva V. Violência contra a mulher: vulnerabilidade programática em tempos de Sars-Cov-2-Covid-19 em São Paulo. Psicol. Soc. 2020; 32:e020015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-0310/2020v32240336
33. Usta HMJ, El-Jarrah R. COVID-19: lockdown and the increased violence against women: understanding domestic violence during a pandemic. Violenc. Gender 2021; 8(3):133-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0069
34. Viero A, Barbara G, Montisci M, Kustermann K, Cattaneo C. Violence against women in the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of the literature and a call for shared strategies to tackle health and social emergencies. Forensic Sci. Int. 2021; 319:110650. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110650
35. Marra R, Gonçalves YH, Conceição VM. Lazer e bem-estar mental e social do professor universitário durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Pista Period. Interd. 2021; 3(2):109-23.
36. Baptista CJ, Oliveira de Arruda G, Rayzel Barroso W, Soares de Souza V. Factors associated with increased alcohol consumption during physical and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university in Brazil. Subst. Abuse: Res. Treat. 2022, 16:11782218211061140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218211061140
37. Leão ACA, Silva NS, Messias RB, Haikal DS, Silveira MF, Pimho L, Silva RR, Brito MF. Consumo de álcool em professores da rede pública estadual durante a pandemia da COVID-19. J. bras. psiquiatr 2022, 71(1):5-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000368
38. Sallie SN, Ritou V, Bowden-Jones H, Voon V, Assessing international alcohol consumption patterns during isolation from the COVID-19 pandemic using an online survey: highlighting negative emotionality mechanisms. BMJ Open. 2020; 10:e044276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044276
39. Baptista CJ. Factors associated with comorbidity for depression, anxiety, and stress screening in a sample of a Brazilian university’s community during COVID-19 pandemic. Res. Soc. Dev. 2022; 11(10):e146111032249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0084
40. Teodoro MLM, Alvares-Teodoro J, Peixoto CB, Pereira EG, Diniz MLN, Freitas SKP et al. Mental health in college students during COVID-19 pandemic. REFACS, 2021; 9:372-82. DOI https://doi.org/10.2196/21279
41. Caetano LM, Souza JM, Costa RQF, Silva D, Dell’Agli BAV. A saúde mental dos professores: a espiritualidade como estratégia protetiva em tempos de pandemia. Saud Pesq., 2022; 15 (2): e-10334. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2022v15n2.e10334
42. Santiago AS, Sabóia VM, Souza SR, Prado GSS, Sota FS. Health promotion actions in universities in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Texto contexto - enferm. 2022; 31: e20210418. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2021-0418en
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
A submissão de originais para a revista Saúde e Pesquisa implica na transferência da Carta Concessão de Direitos Autorais, pelos autores, dos direitos de publicação digital para a revista após serem informados do aceite de publicação.A Secretaria Editorial irá fornecer da um modelo de Carta de Concessão de Direitos Autorais, indicando o cumprimento integral de princípios éticos e legislação específica. Os direitos autorais dos artigos publicados nesta revista são de direito do autor, com direitos da revista sobre a primeira publicação. Os autores somente poderão utilizar os mesmos resultados em outras publicações, indicando claramente a revista Saúde e Pesquisa como o meio da publicação original. Em virtude de tratar-se de um periódico de acesso aberto, é permitido o uso gratuito dos artigos, principalmente em aplicações educacionais e científicas, desde que citada a fonte. A Saúde e Pesquisa adota a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.
A revista se reserva o direito de efetuar, nos originais, alterações de ordem normativa, ortográfica e gramatical, com vistas a manter o padrão culto da língua e a credibilidade do veículo. Respeitará, no entanto, o estilo de escrever dos autores. Alterações, correções ou sugestões de ordem conceitual serão encaminhadas aos autores, quando necessário. Nesses casos, os artigos, depois de adequados, deverão ser submetidos a nova apreciação. As opiniões emitidas pelos autores dos artigos são de sua exclusiva responsabilidade.
