Deficit irrigation management with magnetized water to improve mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) growth and production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2024v17n.Especial.e12389%20Palabras clave:
soil field capacity, water stress, magnetismResumen
El riego deficitario y el agua tratada magnéticamente pueden ser técnicas agronómicas sostenibles para mejorar la eficiencia del uso del agua, el desarrollo de las plantas y el rendimiento de los cultivos agrícolas. Se realizó un estudio en macetas para investigar el impacto de distintos regímenes de riego deficitario utilizando agua tratada magnéticamente y sin tratar en el desarrollo y rendimiento de granos de cultivos de frijol mungo [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek.] en un suelo arcilloso del Cerrado brasileño. Las plantas de frijol mungo se irrigaron con agua magnetizada (MW) y agua no magnetizada (N-MW) utilizando cuatro regímenes de riego deficitario [20, 40, 60 y 80% de la capacidad de campo del suelo (FC)], considerando un factorial de 2×4. esquema, con cuatro repeticiones. Las plantas se mantuvieron bajo distintos regímenes de riego deficitario con MW o N-MW durante todo el ciclo de crecimiento y desarrollo del cultivo (80 días). Se midieron la tasa de crecimiento de las plantas, el índice relativo de clorofila, los rasgos morfológicos de las plantas, los componentes de la producción y el rendimiento de granos de los cultivos. Los resultados mostraron que el régimen de riego deficitario de 60% y 80% de FC mejora la tasa de crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas y el rendimiento de grano del cultivo de frijol mungo. Aunque el frijol mungo se considera un cultivo tolerante a la sequía, la baja disponibilidad de agua en el suelo provoca una grave inhibición del crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas y reduce drásticamente el rendimiento de grano del cultivo. El riego con agua magnetizada no tuvo ningún efecto beneficioso sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas de los cultivos de frijol mungo ni sobre el rendimiento de granos. La tasa de crecimiento de las plantas, la altura de las plantas, la materia seca de los brotes, el índice relativo de clorofila y el número de granos por vaina se correlacionan positivamente con el rendimiento de granos. Por el contrario, la longitud de las raíces tiene una correlación altamente negativa con el rendimiento de grano de los cultivos de frijol mungo.Citas
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