Aleitamento materno exclusivo e os fatores associados ao desmame precoce em uma maternidade amiga da criança do sul do Brasil: Exclusive breastfeeding and factors associated with early weaning at a Baby-Friendly Hospital in Southern Brazil

Edna Ribeiro de  Jesus; Eduardo Manoel  Pereira; Danielle Cristina Alves  Rigo; Julia Estela Willrich  Boell; Elisiane  Lorenzini; Luana Claudia dos Passos  Aires

doi:10.17765/2176-9206.2025v18e13223

Authors

Edna Ribeiro de Jesus Federal University of Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-8972
Eduardo Manoel Pereira University of the Region of Joinville https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-626X
Danielle Cristina Alves Rigo Federal University of Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1180
Julia Estela Willrich Boell Federal University of Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5956-9590
Elisiane Lorenzini Federal University of Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-2080
Luana Claudia dos Passos Aires Federal Institute of Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-2018

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2025v18e13223

Keywords:

Breastfeeding, Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, Lactation, Breast milk, Nutrition

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the exclusive breastfeeding rate and factors associated with early weaning in a Baby-Friendly Hospital in Southern Brazil, comparing findings across trimesters. Methods: Our study employed a prospective, longitudinal observational cohort design with a quantitative approach. We collected data through telephone interviews over six months involving postpartum women with low?risk pregnancies who gave birth at the selected hospital. Results: A total of 282 postpartum women participated. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 86.2% in the first trimester and 87.2% in the second trimester. Key factors contributing to early breastfeeding cessation included the lack of maternity leave and the introduction of formula. Conclusion: The high rates of exclusive breastfeeding up to six months align with the World Health Organization guidelines. However, we identified factors associated with early weaning, such as low income, living in rental housing, White ethnicity, and having a partner who smokes. Relevance: This study is significant for identifying socioeconomic and behavioral factors contributing to early weaning, even within the context of high exclusive breastfeeding rates. Understanding these factors supports the development of targeted interventions for vulnerable groups, including low-income women, renters, and those with smoking partners, who are at higher risk of early weaning. Our study contributes to implementing more effective public policies and health programs that integrate holistic care and educational initiatives during prenatal care and the early postpartum period to extend the duration of exclusive breastfeeding.

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Author Biographies

Edna Ribeiro de Jesus, Federal University of Santa Catarina

Bachelor's Degree in Nursing from Universidade Metropolitana de Camaçari (UNIFAMEC); Multiprofessional Residency in Maternal and Child Health - Darcy Vargas Maternity Hospital (MDV); Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Child Health; Obstetric Nurse; Developer of the tool "COLA NA PROFE" INPI:929888936; Master's Degree in Nursing from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC); PhD Candidate in Nursing at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC); Research line: Policies, Management, and Evaluation of Health and Nursing Care. Member of the LAPECT/GIAT research group; Member of the FLORESCER research group. Speaker in partnership with SESI. Lecturer at Anhaguera/SC. Lecturer at the Public Health School of Santa Catarina.

Eduardo Manoel Pereira, University of the Region of Joinville

Graduated in Pharmacy-Biochemistry from the Federal University of Alfenas (2002) and holds a Master's degree in Pharmacology from the Federal University of Paraná (2006). Professor at the University of the Region of Joinville for 15 years, responsible for teaching Basic and Clinical Pharmacology in the Pharmacy program and Clinical Pharmacology in the Medicine program. He conducts preclinical research on the action of natural substances in models of gastritis, pain, inflammation, diabetes, and oxidative stress in rats and mice, as well as clinical research on the evaluation of prescription errors in public and private institutions and pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. He is a professor of the Multiprofessional Residency at the São José Municipal Hospital of Joinville, and of the postgraduate programs in Clinical Oncology and in Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Prescription at the University of the Region of Joinville, as well as the postgraduate program in Hospital Pharmacy at the Santa Catarina Hospital in Blumenau. Member of the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals in Research at the University of the Region of Joinville. Third-year Psychology student at the University of the Region of Joinville.

Danielle Cristina Alves Rigo, Federal University of Santa Catarina

Holds a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the Federal University of Rondônia (2008) and a Bachelor's degree in Dentistry from Faculdades Integradas Aparício Carvalho (2015), with a sandwich program at Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata" (2014-2015). She has specializations in Dental Biochemistry and Oral Health, Public Health with an emphasis on Family Health, and Health Management. She earned a Master's degree in Dentistry from the Federal University of Goiás (2020) and is currently a PhD candidate in the Graduate Program in Dentistry at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (2020-2024). She has experience in the field of Dentistry, with an emphasis on Collective Oral Health and Pediatric Dentistry, mainly working on the following topics: oral health, health perception, subjective health indicators, preschool children, and dental caries.

Julia Estela Willrich Boell, Federal University of Santa Catarina

Graduated in Physical Education from the State University of Santa Catarina (2007). Graduated in Nursing from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (2011), with a Master's degree in Nursing from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (2013) and a PhD in Nursing from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (2017), with a sandwich period at the Faculty of Nursing - University of Alberta, Canada. Postdoctoral degree in Nursing from the Federal University of Santa Catarina. Specialist in Health Care Networks by Fiocruz. She works as an Associate Professor in the Department of Nursing at UFSC, affiliated with the course INT 5205 - Care in the Human Living Process III - Critical Health Condition. Since 2008, she has been a member of the Laboratory of Research and Technologies in Nursing and Health for People in Chronic Condition - NUCRON/UFSC. Since 2022, she has been a member of the Laboratory for Production, Innovation, and Research in Health and Nursing Technologies and Informatics - LAPETEC/GIATE.

Elisiane Lorenzini, Federal University of Santa Catarina

Holds a Bachelor's degree in Associate Professor at the Federal University of Santa Catarina. Permanent Faculty Member of the Graduate Program in Nursing (PEN/UFSC - Member of the PEN Management Committee for the 2021/2023 term - Coordination of Exchanges and Agreements). She conceived and implemented The International Nurse Podcast INPI:926901281 and COLA NA PROFE INPI:929888936. INPI innovation registration for TELEM - Computer Program. Editor-in-Chief of the Texto Contexto - Enfermagem Journal. Associate Editor of BMC Research Notes. Invited International Visiting Professor at the Universidad de Antioquia - Colombia (2022). Work mission in 2023 at the PG Center for Research and Learning, Toronto, Canada. PhD in Nursing from UFRGS and the University of British Columbia, Canada, through the Sandwich PhD Program Abroad. Thesis selected by the PPGENF to compete for the CAPES Thesis Award. Master's degree in Health Sciences from IC/FUC. ISQua Fellow - International Society for Quality in Health Care. Specialist in Nursing Management. Bachelor's degree in Nursing from UNISINOS. Thirteen years of experience in research and higher education. Nine years of experience in medical-surgical nursing and Intensive Care. I have worked in the supervision and coordination of nursing services (Technical Manager). I have taught Mixed Methods as a guest lecturer in the Gerontology Graduate Program at UFSCar since 2017. I have worked as a Scientific Consultant for the quality and safety service alongside the Care Superintendence at Hospital Moinhos de Vento. Member of GEPADES - Laboratory of Research, Technology, and Innovation in Care and Education Policy and Management in Nursing and Health, and LAPETEC/GIATE - Laboratory for Health Production and Clinical Research, Technologies, and Informatics in Health and Nursing at UFSC. Member of the Mixed Methods International Research Association (MMIRA). I completed a short-term mission at the University of British Columbia in 2014. In 2015, I was awarded a scholarship for the ISQua Fellowship Programme from the International Society for Quality in Health Care.

Luana Claudia dos Passos Aires, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina

Holds a Bachelor's degree in Nurse graduated from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC/2010). PhD in Nursing from the Graduate Program in Nursing (PEN/UFSC/2020), CAPES rating 6. Master's degree in Nursing (PEN/UFSC/2015). Postgraduate in Neonatal Nursing through the Nursing Residency Program at the State University of Londrina (UEL-PR/2013). Certified in Pediatric Nursing by the Brazilian Society of Pediatric Nurses (SOBEPE/2021). Certified Specialist in Women's Health Nursing (COFEN/DNAPÓS/2024). Lecturer in the Bachelor's and Technical Nursing Programs at the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC/Joinville-SC). Leader of the FLORESCER/IFSC Research Group (Laboratory of Research in Women's Health, Neonates, Children, Adolescents, and Breastfeeding). Vice-leader of the Afro-Brazilian and Indigenous Peoples Research Laboratory. Member of the LAPEBE/IFSC Research Group (Laboratory of Evidence-Based Practice). Member of the GRUPESMUR/UFSC Research Group (Laboratory of Research, Technology, and Innovation in Nursing for Women's and Newborn's Health) from 2009 to the present. Coordinator of the Extension Project: Pregnant Women's Group - Strengthening Ties with the Community (IFSC/Joinville). Mother of Miguel Eduardo (on maternity leave from August 2020 to January 2021). Experienced in Nursing, with an emphasis on neonatal, maternal-child health, and breastfeeding. Conducts research in the areas of Pediatric and Neonatal Nursing; Obstetric Nursing; Breastfeeding and Women's Health.

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