Factors associated with skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn and breastfeeding within the first hour of life: a cross-sectional study

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2026v19e13954

Keywords:

Breast Feeding, Portpartum period., Mother-infant health, Newborn

Abstract

The objective was to investigate factors associated with skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn and breastfeeding within the first hour of life. Pregnant women (n=165) in the third trimester completed a pre-tested questionnaire containing sociodemographic information, pregnancy-related variables, breastfeeding-related variables, and systemic conditions. After delivery, information about childbirth and the newborn was collected from medical records. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, considering three outcomes of interest (p<0.05): (a) skin-to-skin contact (n=165); (b) breastfeeding within the first hour (n=138); and (c) combined skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding within the first hour (n=137). Skin-to-skin contact was recorded in 41.2% of deliveries, breastfeeding within the first hour in 26.8%, and the combined outcome in 18.2%. Vaginal delivery was consistently associated with higher odds of both skin-to-skin contact (OR=10.12; 95% CI: 3.41–30.04) and breastfeeding within the first hour of life (OR=19.34; 95% CI: 7.18–52.11). In addition, initiation of prenatal care by the second month of pregnancy was associated with higher odds of skin-to-skin contact (OR=4.54; 95% CI: 1.29–15.28), while planned pregnancy was associated with higher odds of breastfeeding within the first hour (OR=2.78; 95% CI: 1.04–7.46). For the combined outcome, early initiation of prenatal care (OR=7.38; 95% CI: 1.45–37.58) and vaginal delivery (OR=22.71; 95% CI: 6.74–76.50) remained positively associated. Low adherence to skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding within the first hour was observed. Vaginal delivery, early initiation of prenatal care, and planned pregnancy were associated with higher odds of adherence to these practices.

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Author Biographies

Máyra Sanmiguel Souza, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Graduated in Dentistry from the Araraquara School of Dentistry - UNESP; Master's Degree in Dental Sciences in the area of Pediatric Dentistry from the Araraquara School of Dentistry - UNESP; PhD student in Dental Sciences in the area of Pediatric Dentistry from the Araraquara School of Dentistry - UNESP; Postgraduate student in Public Health at the Cesumar University.

Leticia Santos Alves de Melo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Currently a PhD student in the Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences and holds a Master's Degree in Pediatric Dentistry from the Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) - Campus Araraquara - FOAr/UNESP - CAPES 5. Graduated in Dentistry from the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), during her undergraduate studies she taught Dental Materials 1, Pediatric Dentistry and Comprehensive Clinic 1, participated in the UFPE Academic Dentistry League and was a member of the Dentistry and Dental Materials: Teaching, Laboratory and Clinical Research research group at the Federal University of Pernambuco.

Caroline Correa de Oliveira, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Dental surgeon graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara (FOAr) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP). She was a scientific initiation student, with 2 FAPESP scholarships, in the discipline of Removable Partial Prosthesis, at the Araraquara School of Dentistry. She worked on the following research projects: “In vivo efficacy of Cryptocarya (Lauraceae) extracts on Candida albicans biofilm” (process 20/03755-6) and “In vitro evaluation of the biological properties of 3D printing resins for prosthesis bases after immersion in disinfectant solutions” (process 21/11270-5). She took part in the Primary Care Academic League at the Araraquara School of Dentistry. She is currently a master's student in the Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, with an emphasis on Pediatric Dentistry, at the Araraquara School of Dentistry (FOAr/UNESP), with a CAPES scholarship (CAPES DS 88887.824484/2023-00) for the period 2023-2024 and is developing the project entitled: “Use of dental services by 5-year-old children enrolled in municipal nurseries in Araraquara, SP”. Public servant in the municipality of Santa Lúcia/SP, in the position of general practitioner (20 hours a week).

Caroline Meronha de Lima, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Graduated in Dentistry from the Araraquara School of Dentistry - UNESP (2019-2023). Master's student in the Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, with a concentration in Pediatric Dentistry, at the Araraquara School of Dentistry - UNESP FOAr. FAPESP Scientific Initiation Fellow for the period 2021 - 2023. Student President of the XII Araraquara Dental Congress - FOAr UNESP in 2023. Teaching Coordinator for the Academic Primary Care League (2021-2022) and Extension Coordinator for the Academic Primary Care League (2023-2024).

Marília Narducci Pessoa, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Graduated in Dentistry from the University of Araraquara (UNIARA). She was part of a research project for which she was awarded a CNPq Scientific Initiation grant. She has completed a training course in oral surgery at CEDEFACE. She took part in the Master's program in Orthodontics at UNIARA as an intern and worked at the CEO (Center for Dental Specialties) in the Matão City Hall internship program in Oral Surgery. She has a specialization in Orthodontics - GESTOS (ARARAQUARA) and a Master's degree in Dental Sciences in the area of Paediatric Dentistry (UNESP-FOAr). He is currently studying for a PhD in Pediatric Dentistry (UNESP-FOAr).

Diego Giroto Bussaneli, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Assistant Professor (RDIDP) at UNESP's Araraquara School of Dentistry, where he teaches Pediatric Dentistry I, Pediatric Dentistry II, Dentistry for Patients with Special Needs and Dentistry for Babies. He is a permanent lecturer in the Graduate Program in Dental Sciences at FOAr-UNESP. Graduated in Dentistry from Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (2010); Master's (2013) and Doctorate (2017) in Dental Sciences from the Dental Sciences Program in the area of Pediatric Dentistry at FOAr-UNESP. Post-doctorate in Pediatric Dentistry with a FAPESP grant. Researcher Fellow during his sandwich doctorate at the University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA and during his post-doctorate at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA. He has experience in Dentistry, Orthodontics and Genetics, with an emphasis on Pediatric Dentistry, working mainly on the following topics: enamel development defects, polymorphisms, genetic sequencing, and new technologies in the detection of dental caries.

Cintia Regina Tornisiello Katz, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Degree in Dentistry from FOP/UNICAMP, a Specialization in Dentistry for Patients with Special Needs (FOP/UPE) and a PhD in Paediatric Dentistry (FOP/UPE). She also has a specialization in Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Consultancy Training. Qualified in Laser Therapy. She is currently an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry of the Undergraduate Dentistry Course at the Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE; Tutor in the Multiprofessional Residency Program in Family Health at CCS-UFPE and Coordinator of Infrastructure, Finance and Purchasing at the UFPE Health Sciences Center.

Vanessa Pardi, School of Dental Medicine - East Carolina University

Graduated in Dentistry from the State University of Campinas (1998), has a master's degree in Dentistry from the State University of Campinas (2002) and a PhD in Dentistry from the State University of Campinas (2004). She is currently an assistant professor - School of Dental Medicine - East Carolina University, (ECU) adjunct professor in the Department of Public Health at the Brody School of Medicine - ECU and permanent professor in the postgraduate program in Dental Sciences, with a degree in Dentistry, at the Araraquara School of Dentistry - UNESP. She has experience in Dentistry, with an emphasis on Oral Epidemiology, working mainly on the following topics: prevention of oral diseases and oral health promotion, maternal oral health, oral health programs for schoolchildren.

Elaine Pereira da Silva Tagliaferro, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

Graduated in Dentistry from the Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - USP (1995), master's degree in PPG-Odontology, Cariology area from the Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba - UNICAMP (2004), doctorate in Postgraduate Program in Dentistry from the Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba - UNICAMP (2008) and post-doctorate at the Department of Social Dentistry of FOP/UNICAMP (2012). She is currently vice-director of the Araraquara School of Dentistry (FOAr/UNESP) and associate professor in the Department of Social Dentistry at the Araraquara School of Dentistry (FOAr/UNESP). She has experience in the area of Public Health Dentistry, with an emphasis on Epidemiology; Cariology; Research Based on Dental Practice.

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2026-07-17

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Souza, M. S., Melo, L. S. A. de, Oliveira, C. C. de, Lima, C. M. de, Pessoa, M. N., Bussaneli, D. G., … Tagliaferro, E. P. da S. (2026). Factors associated with skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn and breastfeeding within the first hour of life: a cross-sectional study. Saúde E Pesquisa, 19, e13954. https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2026v19e13954

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