Falls associated factors in older adults assisted by Family Health Strategy: cross-sectional study

Keywords: Accident, Accident of Falls, Aged, Family Health Strategy, Probability

Abstract

To identify fall-associated factors among the elderly enrolled in Family Health Strategy (FHS). Cross-sectional, exploratory, population-based study conducted with a sample of 571 elderly. Data were collected using a semi-structured instrument and validated tests GDS-Scale, FESI-Brasil, TUG test, and SPPB. Associations were determined by Logistic Regression Models. Regarding the occurrence of falls in the previous year, 139 (26%) reported at least one fall. Falls were associated with a greater number of comorbidities (OR1.56 95%CI 1.007-2.430), use of a walking aid (OR2.18 95%CI 1.054-4.556), hearing loss report (OR1.61 95%CI 1.036-2.495), negative practice of regular physical exercise (OR0.571 95%CI 0.359-0.895), presence of pain (OR1.650 95%CI 1.073-2.558), and low self-efficacy in relation to falls (OR1.568 95%CI 1.010-2.442). At the end of the study, six factors associated with falls were identified among elderly people enrolled in FHS, which should be included in the evaluation of this population.

Author Biographies

Gabriela Itagiba Aguiar Vieira, Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL
Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences – Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL – MG), Alfenas (MG), Brazil.
Daniele Sirineu Pereira, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG
Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupation Therapy School, Physical Therpy Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
Silvia Lanziotti Azevedo da Silva, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF
Faculty of Medicine/Collective Health Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil.

References

1. Stenhagen M, Ekström H, Nordell E, Elmståhl S. Falls in the general elderly population: a 3- and 6- year prospective study of risk factors using data from the longitudinal population study ‘Good ageing in Skane’. BMC Geriatr 2013, 13(81): 2-11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-13-81

2. Verma SK, Willetts JL, Corns HL, Marucci-Wellmann HR, Lombardi DA, Courtney TK. Falls and fall-related injuries among community-dwelling adults in The United States. PLoS One 2016; 11(3):1-14. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150939

3. Aranda-Gallardo M, Morales-Asencio JM, Luna-Rodriguez ME, Vazquez-Blanco MJ, Morilla-Herrera JC, Rivas-Ruiz F, Toribio-Montero JC, Canca-Sanchez JC. Characteristics, consequences and prevention of falls in institutionalised older adults in the province of Malaga (Spain): a prospective, cohort, multicentre study. BMJ Open 2018;8(2):e020039. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020039

4. Siqueira FV, Facchini LA, Silveira DS, Piccini RX, Tomasi E, Thumé E, et.al. Prevalence of Falls in elderly in Brazil: a countrywide analysis. Cad Saude Publica 2011; 27(9):1819-1826. doi: 10.1590/S0102-311X2011000900015

5. Souza AQ, Pegoari MS, Nascimento JS, Oliveira PB, Tavares DMS. Incidência e fatores preditivos de quedas em idosos na comunidade: um estudo longitudinal. Cienc Saude Coletiva 2019, 24(9):3507-3516. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232018249.30512017

6. Chianca TCM, Andrade CR, Albuquerque J, Wenceslau LCC, Tadeu LFR, Macieira TGR, Ercole FF. Prevalência de quedas em idosos cadastrados em um Centro de Saúde de Belo Horizonte-MG. Rev Bras Enferm 2013, 66(2): 234-40. doi: 10.1590/S0034-71672013000200013.

7. Hauer K, Lamb SE, Jorstad EC, Todd C, Becker C and PROFANE-Group: Systematic review of definitions and methods of measuring falls in randomized controlled fall prevention trials. Age Ageing 2006, 35(1):5–10. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afi218

8. Rodrigues ARGM, Assef JC, Lima CB. Assessment of risk factors associated with falls among the elderly in a municipality in the state of Paraiba, Brazil. A cross-secctional study. São Paulo Med J 2019; 137(5): 430-437. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0198120619

9. Sairafian K, Towe CW, Crandall M, Brown LR, Haut ER, Ho VP. Sociodemographic Patterns of Outpatient Falls: Do Minority Patients Falls Less Frequently? J Surg Res 2019; 243: 332-339. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.05.018

10. Gomez F, Wu YY, Auais M, Vafaei A, Zunzunegui MV. A Simple Algorithm to Predict Falls in Primiry Care Patients Aged 65 to 74 years: The International Mobility in Aging Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18(9):774-779. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.03.021

11. Patil R, Uusi-Rasi K, Kannus P, Karinkanta S, Sievanen H. Concern about falling in older woman with a history of falls: association with health, funciotal ability, physical activity and quality of life. Gerontology 2015;60(1):22-30. doi: 10.1159/000354335

12. Ministério da Saúde, Caderneta de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa. 4. ed. Brasília; 2017. Disponível em: https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2017/setembro/27/CADERNETA-PESSOA-IDOSA-2017-Capa-miolo.pdf. Acesso em: 11 nov. 2020.

13. McConville A, Hooven K. Factors influencing the implementation of falls prevention practice in primary care. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2020; [Epud]. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000360

14. Smith AA, Silva AO, Rodrigues RA, Moreira MA, Nogueira JA, Tura LF. Assessment of risk of falls in elderly living at home. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2017; 25:e27-54. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.0671.2754

15. Malta M, Cardoso LO, Bastos FI, Magnanini MMF, Silva CMFP. Iniciativa STROBE: subsídios para a comunicação de estudos observacionais. Rev Saude Publica 2010;44(3):559-565. doi: 10.1590/S0034-89102010000300021

16. Bertolucci PH, Brucki SM, Campacci SR, Juliano Y. O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental em uma população geral: Impacto da Escolaridade. Arq Neuropsiq 1994; 52(1):1-7. doi: 10.1590/S0004-282X1994000100001

17. Paradela EPM, Lourenço RA, Veras RP. Validação da escala de Depressão Geriátrica em um ambulatório geral. Rev Saude Publica 2005; 39(6): 918-923. doi: 10.1590/S0034-89102005000600008

18. Silveira EA, Kac G, Barbosa LS. Prevalência e fatores associados a obesidade em idosos residentes em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: classificação obesidade segundo dois pontos de corte do Índice de Massa Corporal. Cad Saude Pública 2009; 25(7):1569-1577. doi: 10.1590/S0102-311X2009000700015

19. Nakano MM. Adaptação cultural do instrumento Short Physical Performance Battery-SPPB: adaptação cultural e estudo da confiabilidade [dissertação]. 2007. Campinas: Universidade Estadual de Campinas.

20. Camargos FFO, Dias RC, Dias JM, Freire MTF. Adaptação transcultural e avaliação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da Falls Efficacy Scale – International em idosos brasileiros. Bras J Physical Ther 2010; 14(3): 56-61. doi: 10.1590/S1413-35552010000300010

21. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et. al. Frailty in Older Adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol Series A: Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56(3): 146-156. doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146

22. Alexandre TS, Mizuta SK. Acurácia do Timed Up and Go Test para rastrear risco de quedas em idosos da comunidade. Bras J Physical Ther 2012; 16(5): 381-388. doi: 10.1590/S1413-35552012005000041.

23. Soares WJS, Moraes SA, Ferrioli E, Perracini MR. Fatores associados a quedas e quedas recorrentes em idosos: estudo de base populacional. Rev Bras Geriat Gerontol 2014; 17(1):49-60. doi: 10.1590/S1809-98232014000100006

24. Gale CR, Westbury LD, Cooper C, Dennison EM. Risk factors for incident falls in older men and women: the English longitudinal study of ageing BMC Geriatr 2018; 18(117): 1-9. doi: 10.1186/s12877018-0806-3

25. Almegbel FY, Alotaibi IM, Alhusain FA, Masuadi EM, Al Sulami SL, Aloushan AF. Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8(1):2-10. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019063

26. Costamagna E, Thies SB, Kenney LPJ, Howard D, Liu A, Ogden D. A generalisable methodology for stability assessment of walking aid users. Med Eng Phys. 2017; 47:167-175. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.06.013

27. Kamil RJ, Betz J, Powers BB, Pratt S, Kritchevsky S, Ayonayon HN, Harris TB, Helzner E, Deal JA, Martin K, Peterson M, Satterfield SS, Simonsic EM, Lin FR; Association of Hearing Impairment With Incident Frailty and Falls in Older Adults. J Ageing Health 2016; 28(4): 644-660. doi:10.1177/0898264315608730

28. DiPiettro L, Campbell WW, Buchner DM, Erickson KI, Powell KE, Bloodgood B, et. al. Physical Activity, Injurious Falls, and Physical Function in Aging: An Umbrella Review. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51(6): 1303–1313. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001942.

29. Hirase T, Okubo Y, Stunieks DL, Lord SR. Pain is Associated with poor balance in Communiy-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020, 21(5): 597 – 603. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.02.011

30. Gazibara T, Kurtagic I, Kisic-Tepavcevic D, Nurkovic S, Kovacevic N, Gazibara T, Pekmezovic T. Falls, risk factors and fear of falling among persons older than 65 years of age. Psychogeriatrics 2017; 17(4):215-223. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12217

Published
2021-07-15
Section
Artigos Originas - Promoção da Saúde