Water footprint in mineralization: analysis of the applicability in the extraction and improvement of Pernambuco Gypsum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2020v13n4p1493-1508Keywords:
Araripe Pernambucano, Gypsum, Sustainability indexesAbstract
Mineral exploitation and improvement impact ecosystems in which they are inserted. Their impacts should be measured through indexes. Recently, the water footprint has become a sustainability index, especially in the measurement of the appropriation of water resources by anthropic activities. Due to scanty studies on the application of the index for mineral activities, current study evaluates the applicability of the WF for the stages in the exploitation and improvement of gypsum from Pernambuco which is the biggest producer of the mineral. Water demand during the stages was analyzed in loco and the processes causing consumption were identified within its three modes of insertion in the final WF quantification: blue, green and grey water. Indirect use of water was predominant, with special reference to green water in the use of the Caatinga wood and gray water from quality degradation of the region´s reservoirs due to the release of particles within the manufacturing process. The consumption of blue water in the exploitation and in manufacturing is only slightly representative since they feature a dry process. The use of WF for such production represents an important mechanism to quantify anthropic pressure under the local water resources in a region with water scarcity. Its quantification is important to work out strategies for the sector´s sustainability.References
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