Fatores associados a altos escores de saúde mental de professores universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2023v16n1.e11419

Palavras-chave:

Covid-19, Docentes, Saúde Mental, Universidades

Resumo

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar indicadores de saúde mental e identificar fatores associados a esses indicadores em professores universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O estudo foi realizado com dados transversais de 339 professores de quatro universidades federais brasileiras, os quais responderam a um formulário online, de agosto a setembro de 2021. Os dados de saúde mental foram obtidos com auxílio da escala de depressão, ansiedade e estresse (DASS-21). A maioria apresentou escores considerados normais para as três dimensões, ansiedade (57,20; I.C 95%: 51,76-62,53), depressão (61,10; I.C 95%: 55,63-66,24) e estresse (56,64; I.C 95%: 51,17-61,95). Escores altos de depressão, ansiedade e/ ou estresse estiveram associados a diagnóstico prévio de transtorno mental, afastamento do trabalho por causa da pandemia, passar pelo menos 12 horas sozinho por dia, procurar e não conseguir assistência médica durante a pandemia e autopercepção de piora no estado emocional durante o distanciamento social-físico.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Cremildo João Baptista, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Enfermeiro, Doutor em Saúde Pública. Professor Adjunto da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, campus Coxim

Alberto Mesaque Martins, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Psicólogo, Doutor em Psicologia. Professor Adjunto da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul e docente do Programa de Pós-Graduação (Mestrado) em Psicologia da UFMS.

Patrícia Maria Fonseca Escalda, Universidade de Brasília

Farmacêutica, Pós-Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva. Professora Associada da Faculdade de Ceilândia da Universidade de Brasília

Referências

1. World Health Organization. Who coronavirus (COVID-19) [Internet]. Geneva: 2022 (citado em 20 ago 2022). Disponível em: https://COVID19.who.int/

2. Khan M, Adil SF, Alkhathlan HZ, Tahir MN, Saif S, Khan M, Khan ST. COVID-19: a global challenge with old history epidemiology and progress so far. Molecules. 2021; 26:39. DOI: Https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010039

3. Ventura DF, Ribeiro L, Giuliu GM, Jaime PC, Nunes J, Bógus CM, Antunes JL, Waldman EA. Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic: for a Brazilian research agenda in global health and sustainability. Cad. Saúde Pública 2020; 36:e00040620. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00040620

4. Aquino EM, Silveira IH, Pescarini JM, Aquino R, Souza-Filho JÁ, Rocha AS, et al. Social distancing measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic: potential impacts and challenges in Brazil. Cien Saude Colet. 2020; 25:2423-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10502020

5. Banerjee D, Meena KS. COVID-19 as an “infodemic” in public health: critical role of the social media. Front. Public Health. 2021, 9:1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.610623

6. Villela EFM, López RVM, Sato APS, Oliveira FM, Waldman EA, Berg VD, Fodjo JB, Colebunders R. COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil: adherence to national preventive measures and impact on people’s lives, an online survey. BMC Public Health. 2021, 21(1):152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10222-z

7. Bueno-Notivol J, Gracia-García P, Olaya B, Lasheras I, López-Antón R, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of depression during the COVID-19 outbreak: a meta-analysis of community-based studie. Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2021; 21(1):100196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.07.007

8. Lange KW. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and global mental health. Global Health Journal. 2021, 5(1):36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2021.02.004

9. Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain behave. immune. 2020, 89:531-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048

10. Reimers FM. Learning from a Pandemic: The impact of COVID-19 on education around the world In: Reimers FM (eds). Primary and secondary education during COVID-19. Springer Cham. 2021, 1:1-37.

11. Santos GM, Silva ME, Belmonte BR. COVID-19: emergency remote teaching and university professors’ mental health. Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant. 2021; 21:245-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9304202100S100013

12. Ariño DO, Bardagi MP. Relations between academic factors and mental health of university students. Psicol. Pesq. 2018, 12:44-52. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.24879/2018001200300544

13. Khan A, Din SU, Anwar M. Sources and adverse effects of burnout among academic staff: a systematic review. City Univ. Res. Journ. 2019; 9(2):350-63.

14. Baptista MN, Soares TFP, Raad AJ, Santos LM. Burnout, estresse, depressão e suporte laboral em professores universitários. RPOT. 2019, 19(1):564-70. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17652/rpot/2019.1.15417

15. Freitas RF, Ramos DS, Freitas TF, Souza GR, Pereira EJ, Lessa AC. Prevalência e fatores associados aos sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em professores universitários durante a pandemia da COVID-19. J. bras. Psiquiatr. 2021; 70(4):283-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000348

16. Gomes NP, Carvalho MRS, Silva AF, Moita CE, Santos JRL, Couto TM, Carvalho LC, Almeida LC. Mental health of university professors in times of COVID-19. Saude Soc. 2021; 30:e200605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902021200605

17. Husky MM, Masfety VK, Swendsen JD. Stress and anxiety among university students in France during COVID-19 mandatory confinement. Compr. Psychiatry. 2020; 102:1-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152191

18. Miyah Y, Benjelloun M, Lairini S, Lahrichi A. COVID-19: impact on public health, environment, human psychology, global socioeconomy, and education. Scientific World Jour. 2022, 1:1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5578284

19. Baptista, CJ, Martins AM. Screening for depression, anxiety, and stress in the initial and middle stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in a university’s community in the Mid-West Brazil, 2020. Res., Soc. Dev. 2022; 11(12):e17111233588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.33588

20. Torres AG, Nolasco LE, Oliveira MG, Martins AM. COVID-19 e saúde mental de universitários: revisão integrativa internacional. Psicol. Saúde 2021; 13(4):183–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20435/pssa.v13i4.1567

21. Vignola RSB, Tucci AM. Adaptation and validation of the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) to Brazilian Portuguese. J. Affect. Disord. 2014; 155:104-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.031

22. Kursa MB, Rudnicki WR. Feature Selection with the Boruta Package. J. Stat. Softw. 2010; 36(11):1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v036.i11

23. Shinan-Altman S, Levkovich I. Are personal resources and perceived stress associated with psychological outcomes among Israeli teachers during the third COVID-19 lockdown? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2022; 19(9):5634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095634

24. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Idoiaga Mondragon N, Bueno-Notivol J, Pérez-Moreno M, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid systematic review with meta-analysis. Brain Sci. 2021; 11:1172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091172

25. Cruz R, Rocha RE, Andreoni S, Pesca AD. Retorno ao trabalho? Indicadores de saúde mental em professores durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Rev. Polyphonía. 2020; 31(1):325–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5216/rp.v31i1.66964

26. Souza KR, Borges SG, Rodrigues AMS, Feliz EG, Gomes L, Rocha GL, Conceição RC, Rocha FS, Peixoto RB. Trabalho remoto, saúde docente e greve virtual em cenário de pandemia. Trab Educ Saúde. 2021; 19:e00309141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sol00309

27. Santamaría MD, Mondragon NI, Santxo NB, Ozamiz-Etxebarria N. Teacher stress, anxiety and depression at the beginning of the academic year during the COVID-19 pandemic. Glob Ment Health. 2021. 12:8-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2021.14

28. Macêdo S. Ser mulher trabalhadora e mãe no contexto da pandemia COVID-19: tecendo sentidos. Rev. NUFEN, 2020; 12(2):187-204. https://dx.doi.org/10.26823/RevistadoNUFEN.vol12.nº02rex.33

29. França FF, Priori C, Galinkin AL. Os impactos da pandemia (COVID-19) no cotidiano das pessoas: desafios e contribuições dos estudos de gênero e dos feminismos - Entrevista com Joana Maria Pedro. Rev. Ed. Ling. 2020; 9(7):11-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33871/22386084.2020.9.17.11-25

30. Palma-Vasquez C, Carrasco D, Hernando-Rodriguez JC. Mental health of teachers who have teleworked due to COVID-19. Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021; 11(2):515-528. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020037

31. Jakubowski TD, Sitko-Dominik MM. Teachers' mental health during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. PLoS One. 2021; 16(9):e0257252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257252

32. Campos B, Tchalekian B, Paiva V. Violência contra a mulher: vulnerabilidade programática em tempos de Sars-Cov-2-Covid-19 em São Paulo. Psicol. Soc. 2020; 32:e020015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-0310/2020v32240336

33. Usta HMJ, El-Jarrah R. COVID-19: lockdown and the increased violence against women: understanding domestic violence during a pandemic. Violenc. Gender 2021; 8(3):133-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2020.0069

34. Viero A, Barbara G, Montisci M, Kustermann K, Cattaneo C. Violence against women in the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of the literature and a call for shared strategies to tackle health and social emergencies. Forensic Sci. Int. 2021; 319:110650. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110650

35. Marra R, Gonçalves YH, Conceição VM. Lazer e bem-estar mental e social do professor universitário durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Pista Period. Interd. 2021; 3(2):109-23.

36. Baptista CJ, Oliveira de Arruda G, Rayzel Barroso W, Soares de Souza V. Factors associated with increased alcohol consumption during physical and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university in Brazil. Subst. Abuse: Res. Treat. 2022, 16:11782218211061140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218211061140

37. Leão ACA, Silva NS, Messias RB, Haikal DS, Silveira MF, Pimho L, Silva RR, Brito MF. Consumo de álcool em professores da rede pública estadual durante a pandemia da COVID-19. J. bras. psiquiatr 2022, 71(1):5-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000368

38. Sallie SN, Ritou V, Bowden-Jones H, Voon V, Assessing international alcohol consumption patterns during isolation from the COVID-19 pandemic using an online survey: highlighting negative emotionality mechanisms. BMJ Open. 2020; 10:e044276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044276

39. Baptista CJ. Factors associated with comorbidity for depression, anxiety, and stress screening in a sample of a Brazilian university’s community during COVID-19 pandemic. Res. Soc. Dev. 2022; 11(10):e146111032249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0084

40. Teodoro MLM, Alvares-Teodoro J, Peixoto CB, Pereira EG, Diniz MLN, Freitas SKP et al. Mental health in college students during COVID-19 pandemic. REFACS, 2021; 9:372-82. DOI https://doi.org/10.2196/21279

41. Caetano LM, Souza JM, Costa RQF, Silva D, Dell’Agli BAV. A saúde mental dos professores: a espiritualidade como estratégia protetiva em tempos de pandemia. Saud Pesq., 2022; 15 (2): e-10334. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2022v15n2.e10334

42. Santiago AS, Sabóia VM, Souza SR, Prado GSS, Sota FS. Health promotion actions in universities in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Texto contexto - enferm. 2022; 31: e20210418. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2021-0418en

Publicado

2023-03-31

Como Citar

Baptista, C. J. ., Martins, A. M. ., & Escalda, P. M. F. . (2023). Fatores associados a altos escores de saúde mental de professores universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19 . Saúde E Pesquisa, 16(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2023v16n1.e11419

Edição

Seção

Artigos Originais