Sífilis gestacional e congênita e atenção primária à saúde do Distrito Federal no período de 2012 a 2019: Gestational and congenital syphilis and primary health care in the Federal District from 2012 to 2019

Janaína  Oliveira; Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara Rehem; Maria Regina Fernandes de Oliveira

doi:10.17765/2176-9206.2025v18e13118

Authors

Janaína Oliveira Health Department of the Federal District https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2773-7446
Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara Rehem University of Brasilia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-1661
Maria Regina Fernandes de Oliveira University of Brasilia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4995-2526

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2025v18e13118

Keywords:

Primary Health Care, Family Health Strategy, Syphilis, Health Surveillance

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the rates of gestational and congenital syphilis in the Federal District and explore, from the perspective of healthcare professionals, the role of Primary Health Care in managing these cases. Methods: This study combines a descriptive ecological analysis of syphilis cases and congenital syphilis-related deaths reported between 2012 and 2019 with a qualitative analysis conducted in 2021 through semi-structured interviews with Primary Health Care professionals. Results: There was a notable increase in both the detection of gestational syphilis and the prevalence of congenital syphilis during the study period. Coverage of the Family Health Strategy grew between 2017 and 2018, exceeding 50%. Content analysis revealed valuable insights from healthcare workers regarding the gestational and congenital syphilis surveillance model and Primary Health Care practices in the Federal District. Conclusion: The study highlighted both the challenges and opportunities for improving syphilis care, providing valuable information to enhance the quality of services.

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Author Biographies

Janaína Oliveira, Health Department of the Federal District

Graduated in Medicine from the University of Brasília (2013). Medical residency in Family and Community Medicine from Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (2016). Master in Epidemiology from the University of Brasília in 2022. Family and Community Physician working at the Health Department of the Federal District in the position of Regional Director of Primary Care Services - Eastern Region.

Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara Rehem, University of Brasilia

Graduated in Nursing from the Federal University of Bahia - UFBA (1985), specialization in public health from the University of Brasília (UnB); master's degree in Public Health from the Institute of Public Health of the Federal University of Bahia - ISC/UFBA (2002), PhD in Sciences from the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo - EE/USP (2011) and postdoctorate in the area of health assessment at the Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa - IHMT/ULN (2021). Doctoral thesis project on Hospitalizations due to Primary Care-Sensitive Conditions, which received the Capes Award (honorable mention) in 2012. Since 2012, she has been a professor at the Ceilândia Faculty of the University of Brasília (FCE/UnB), working on the nursing board as an associate professor and researcher in the Postgraduate Program in Nursing of the Faculty of Health (FS/UnB) in the area of Management of Health and Nursing Systems and Services. Guest Professor at the Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, in the area of health assessment, at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa/Portugal. Leader of the Research Group on Primary Health Care: Management, Administration and Care and Coordinator of the Academic League in Primary Health Care - LAPSaúde.

Maria Regina Fernandes de Oliveira, University of Brasilia

Graduated in Medicine from the Federal University of Pará - UFPA (1985), master's degree in Tropical Medicine from the Center for Tropical Medicine at the University of Brasília - UnB (1994) and PhD in Public Health, with a concentration in Epidemiology, from the School of Public Health at the University of São Paulo - FSP/USP (2009). Doctoral thesis project on cost-effectiveness analysis of rapid testing for the diagnosis of malaria. From 1998 to 2009, she was General Coordinator of the Area of Development of Epidemiology in Services, initially linked to CENEPI/Funasa and later to the Health Surveillance Secretariat of the Ministry of Health. Since 2010, she has been a professor at the School of Medicine at the University of Brasília as an associate professor in the epidemiology subarea of Social Medicine and a researcher in the Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, in the area of concentration Epidemiology and Control of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases. Interests: Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, with a focus on illness and death; diagnosis; technology assessment; and economic evaluation.

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