Mental violence: anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2022v15n1.e9684
Keywords: Anxiety, COVID-19, Depression, Health personnel, Primary health care

Abstract

Anxiety and depression disorders are associated with professional and academic impairment and reduced life quality. Frequency of symptoms of anxiety and depression, and their association with health risk behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic are evaluated. Cross-sectional study comprised 1,057 participants, 78% females, mean age 38±14 years, from 21 different Brazilian states. GAD-7 and PHQ-9 inventories were applied by Google Forms, with snowball sampling. Forty-two percent of the participants had a GAD-7 score ≥ 10, while 53% had a PHQ-9 score ≥ 10. Main risk factors comprised: being female, young, married or with partner, consuming alcoholic beverages, having previous psychiatric problems, taking sleeping pills, sleeping less than 8 hours, having a negative perception about COVID-19, staying isolated, having frequent nightmares and suicide thoughts. Brazil is a country featuring high levels of symptoms of anxiety and depression, significantly associated with suicide thoughts.

Author Biographies

Fernanda Cristina Coelho Musse, Universidade Cesumar - UniCesumar
PhD in progress by the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PCS) at the State University of Maringá (UEM) Professor at the Cesumar University (UniCesumar) and at the State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá (PR), Brazil.
Laura de Siqueira Castro, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP
PhD in progress at the Graduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology) at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), with a sandwich period at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
Thiago Fuentes Mestre, Centro Universitário Ingá - UNINGA
Professor of Medicine and Medical Internship at Centro Universitário Ingá (UNINGA), Maringá (PR), Brazil.
Sandra Marisa Pelloso, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM
Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences and Postgraduate Program in Nursing at the State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá (PR), Brazil.
Dalva Poyares, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP
Adjunct Professor at the Department of Psychobiology at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) and researcher-teacher at the Research Incentive Fund Association, Brazil.
Jorge Luiz Lozinski Musse, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM
Master's in progress in the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PCS) at the State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá (PR), Brazil.
Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho, Universidade Estadual de Maringá UEM e Universidade Cesumar - UniCesumar
Doctorate in Nursing from the University of São Paulo. Associate Professor at the State University of Maringá (UEM) and at the Cesumar University (UniCesumar), Maringá (PR), Brazil.

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Published
2022-01-31
Issue
Vol 15 No 1 (2022): jan./mar.
Section
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