O uso de Non-Fungible Token como mecanismo de autenticidade de produtos sob o prisma da análise econômica do direito

Francisco das Chagas Bezerra Neto; Jonathan Barros Vita

doi:10.17765/2176-9184.2025v25.e13597

Authors

Francisco das Chagas Bezerra Neto University of Marilia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6232-4383
Jonathan Barros Vita University of Marilia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-004X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9184.2025v25.e13597

Keywords:

Authenticity, Innovation, Legal Security, NFTs

Abstract

Contextualization: This study investigates the use of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) as a mechanism for product authenticity, from the perspective of Economic Analysis of Law. The research is inserted in the context of technological advancement and its implications for the authenticity and traceability of products, especially in the luxury market. The problem addressed is the growing need for effective mechanisms to combat fraud and counterfeiting, justifying the relevance of the work by connecting these issues with the objectives of ensuring greater transparency and legal protection for consumers.

Objective: The overall objective of the study is to analyze the effects of the implementation of NFTs as a method of authenticating products in the creative market, while the specific objectives include assessing the economic and legal impacts of this technology, as well as identifying the regulatory and technological challenges for its large-scale adoption.

Methodology: the methodology adopted is qualitative in nature, with a descriptive and hypothetical-deductive study. The data was collected from primary sources, such as technical documents from the Aura Blockchain Project, and secondary sources, such as academic papers and industry reports. The data analysis was carried out based on the principles of the Economic Analysis of Law, associating the costs and benefits of using NFTs with legal and economic structures.

Results: The main results indicate that NFTs have the potential to significantly reduce the economic damage caused by counterfeiting, as well as provide greater legal protection to consumers. However, challenges such as the cost of execution, regulatory hurdles, and the social acceptance of the technology can impact its large-scale adoption. The research concludes that, despite the challenges, NFTs represent a promising innovation for product authenticity, with significant implications for the digital economy and the protection of intellectual property.

Author Biographies

Francisco das Chagas Bezerra Neto, University of Marilia

Graduated in Law from the Federal University of Campina Grande, Specialist in Legal Sciences Applied to Public Advocacy and Private Law, Master in Management and Agroindustrial Systems from the Federal University of Campina Grande and PhD in Law from the University of Marília. Member of the editorial boards of Editora Verde (Green Group of Agroecology and Bee - GVAA), in the journals: Brazilian Journal of Philosophy and History (Qualis B1), Brazilian Journal of Law and Public Management and Brazilian Journal of Research in Administration. He worked as: Operational Technician at Alerta Serviços EIRELI, assigned to the Communications Advisory of CCJS-UFCG (2021-2022), Legal Advisor at João Estrela Advocacia (2021-2022) and Intern at the Court of Justice of Paraíba (2022).

Jonathan Barros Vita, University of Marilia

Lawyer, Legal Consultant and Accountant. Specialist in Tax Law from the Brazilian Institute of Tax Studies (IBET/SP), Master's and Doctorate in Law from the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC/SP) and Master's Degree in Corporate Tax Law from the Luigi Bocconi Commercial University, Milan/Italy. Postdoctoral internship as a Senior Visiting Research Fellow at WU (Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien), Vienna/Austria. Coordinator and full professor of the Master's and Doctorate in Law at UNIMAR. Editor of the Argumentum Magazine, Qualis B1 (ojs.unimar.br). Professor of several postgraduate courses in Brazil and abroad. Director of ABDF/IFA Brazil. Member of the Municipal Tax Council of São Paulo. Former Member of CARF, Administrative Council of Tax Appeals. Former Judge of the Tax and Fees Court of the State of São Paulo. Former Secretary of the Special Commission on Tax Law of the Federal Council of the OAB.

References

ALEXY, Robert. Teoria dos Direitos Fundamentais. Tradução de Virgílio Afonso da Silva. São Paulo: Malheiros, 2011. Título original: Theorie der Grundrechte.

ARISTOTELES. Ética a Nicômaco. Trad. de Pietro Nassetti. São Paulo: Editora Martin Claret, 2007.

BARBOSA. Ruy. A constituição e os atos inconstitucionais do Congresso e do Executivo ante a Justiça Federal. 2ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Atlantida, 1893.

BARROSO, Luís Roberto. Curso de Direito Constitucional Contemporâneo: os conceitos fundamentais e a construção do novo modelo. 3ª ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2011.

BONAVIDES, Paulo. Curso de direito constitucional. 21ª ed. São Paulo: Malheiros, 2007.

BRASIL. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm. Acesso em:18 jun. 2022.

BRASIL. Lei nº 8.078, de 11 de setembro de 1990. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l8078compilado.htm Acesso em: 2 jul. de 2022.

BRASIL. Lei nº 8.112 de 11 de dezembro de 1990. Disponível em : http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l8112cons.htm Acesso em: 18 de jun. 2022.

BRASIL. Lei nº 8.429, de 02 de junho de 1992. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l8429.htm Acesso em: 17 de jun. de 2022.

COMPARATO, Fábio Konder. A afirmação histórica dos direitos humanos. 12ª ed. São Paulo: Saraiva Educação, 2019.

FERRAZ JUNIOR, Tercio Sampaio. Introdução ao estudo do Direito: técnica, decisão, dominação. 8. ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2015.

FREITAS, Juarez. As políticas públicas e o direito fundamental à boa administração. NOMOS: Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da UFC, Fortaleza, v.35, n.1, 2015, p.195-217.

GOMES, José Jairo. Direito eleitoral. 16ª ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2020.

KELSEN, Hans. Teoria pura do direito. Tradução de João Baptista Machado. 8ª ed. São Paulo: WMF Martins Fontes, 2009. Título original: Reine Rechtslehre.

MEIRELLES, Hely Lopes. Direito administrativo brasileiro. 33ª ed. São Paulo: Malheiros, 2007.

ONU. Organização das Nações Unidas. Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. 2015. Disponível em https://brasil.un.org/pt-br/sdgs. Acesso em 16 jun. 2022.

RÉBORA. Juan Carlos. El estado de sitio: y la ley histórica del desborde institucional. La Plata: La Universidade, 1935.

REMEDIO, J. A.; LOPES, T. H. T. A probidade administrativa como direito fundamental difuso. Revista Paradigma, [S. l.], v. 28, n. 2, p. 154–176, 2019. Disponível em: https://revistas.unaerp.br/paradigma/article/view/1414. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2022.

SARLET, Ingo Wolfgang. A eficácia dos direitos fundamentais. 13º ed. Porto Alegre: Livraria do Advogado, 2021.

SEN, Amartya. Desenvolvimento como Liberdade. Tradução de Laura Teixeira Motta. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2000.

SILVA. José Afonso da. Curso de direito constitucional positivo. 24. ed. São Paulo: Malheiros, 2005.

SILVEIRA, Vladmir Oliveira da. Direitos Humanos Fundamentais das Pessoas com Deficiência. Prisma Jurídico, São Paulo, v. 12, n. 2, p. 479-516, jul./dez. 2013.

SILVEIRA, Vladmir Oliveira da; ROCASOLANO, Maria Mendez. Direitos humanos: conceitos, significados e funções. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2010.