Relação anabólica androgênica e efeitos adversos da 5?-hidroxi laxogenina em ratos treinados  : Anabolic androgenic relation and adverse effects of 5?-hydroxy laxogenin in trained rats

Tiago Rodrigo Kutchenko Padilha; Álvaro Antônio Felipe Soares; Fernanda Losi Alves de Almeida; Pollyana Mayara Nunhes; Vanessa Lara Rissi Sabino; Maria Montserrat Diaz Pedrosa; Rosângela Fernandes Garcia

doi:10.17765/2176-9206.2025v18e13262

Authors

Tiago Rodrigo Kutchenko Padilha Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-5092
Álvaro Antônio Felipe Soares Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1068-9705
Fernanda Losi Alves de Almeida Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4658-450X
Pollyana Mayara Nunhes Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8162-0866
Vanessa Lara Rissi Sabino Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0546-9158
Maria Montserrat Diaz Pedrosa Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-3557
Rosângela Fernandes Garcia Universidade Estadual de Maringá https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3571

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17765/2176-9206.2025v18e13262

Keywords:

Brassinosteroids, Synthetic anabolic steroids, Resistance training, Muscle hypertrophy, Steroidal saponin

Abstract

5?-hydroxy laxogenin (5?-HL) is being inadvertently used to improve performance, although reports of its anabolic and/or androgenic actions in healthy humans or animal models are lacking. In this study 5?-HL (group THL) was compared with Oxandrolone (OX, group TOX) or vehicle (mineral oil, group TCN), given orally for six weeks to male Wistar rats subjected to resistance training in vertical ladder. Regardless of the treatment, the training protocol improved performance, recorded as the maximal load. 5?-HL and OX affected plasma lipids, increased muscle mass gain (THL) and fiber diameter (TOX) without changing body mass, glucose homeostasis or adiposity. 5?-HL, unlike OX, did not cause atrophy of the reproductive organs. 5?-HL had a better anabolic androgenic relation than OX in this model. However, its adverse effects and its neutral effect on performance do not support its safe use by healthy humans.

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Author Biographies

Tiago Rodrigo Kutchenko Padilha, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Trabalha com Nutrição esportiva e Musculação, atletas de alto rendimento em diferentes modalidades esportivas, com maior ênfase em adolescentes inseridos no esporte, e tem experiência com estratégias que visam a perda de gordura, ganho de massa muscular, e performance esportiva.

Álvaro Antônio Felipe Soares, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Possui graduação em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá (2022). Tem experiência na área de Fisiologia, com ênfase em Fisiologia Integrativa. Certificado pela Fiocruz no curso Iniciação em Ciência em Animais de Laboratório.

Fernanda Losi Alves de Almeida, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Possui graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Licenciatura pela UNESP de Botucatu. É mestre e doutora em Biologia Celular e Estrutural pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP. É especialista em Fisiologia Humana pela UEM. Atualmente, é professora efetiva do Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas (DCM) da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Campus de Maringá - PR. Ministra as disciplinas de Histologia, Embriologia Humana e Embriologia animal comparada para a graduação. É docente permanente do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (PBC) - UEM. Atua, principalmente, nos seguintes temas: Morfologia, Histologia, Músculo estriado esquelético, Crescimento muscular, Embriologia Humana, Embriologia Comparada.

Pollyana Mayara Nunhes, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Coordenadora e Docente dos cursos de Educação Física (Bacharel e Licenciatura) e Tecnólogo em Gestão do Esporte, do Centro Universitário Cidade Verde (UNICV). Doutora em Educação Física pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação Associado em Educação Física UEM/UEL na linha de atividade física e saúde. Mestre em Educação Física pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Graduada em Educação Física -Bacharelado- pela UEM e -Licenciatura- pelo Centro Universitário Ingá (UNINGÁ). Participante do Grupo de Pesquisa em Exercício e Nutrição na Saúde e no Esporte (GEPENSE) e do Grupo de Estudos em Intervenção Profissional em Educação Física (UniCV).

Vanessa Lara Rissi Sabino, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Formada no segundo grau na cidade de Mandaguari pelo Colégio Estadual José Luiz Gori e no terceiro grau em Ciências Biológicas na Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) já possuo experiência na área de Fisiologia Animal, com ênfase em fisiologia de órgãos e sistemas, na área da microbiologia e na botânica.

Maria Montserrat Diaz Pedrosa, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (1991), mestrado e doutorado em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Celular) pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá (1999 e 2002) . Atualmente é professora associada do Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Tem experiência na área de Fisiologia, com ênfase em Fisiologia de Órgãos e Sistemas, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: diabetes, restrição alimentar, exercício e homeostase da glicemia. Docente de biofísica, fisiologia humana e fisiologia animal. Coordenadora, orientadora e professora do curso de especialização em Fisiologia Humana da UEM. Docente e orientadora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas.

Rosângela Fernandes Garcia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá

Possui graduação em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá (1989), mestrado (1993) e doutorado (2005) em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Celular) pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Atualmente é professora associada da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Docente e orientadora no programa de pós-gradução (Mestrado) em Ciências Fisiológicas (UEM). Docente, orientadora e coordenadora adjunta do curso de Especialização em Fisiologia Humana (UEM). Tem experiência na área de Fisiologia, com ênfase em Fisiologia Geral e Fisiologia Integrativa, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: Programação metabólica, síndrome metabólica, coadjuvantes para tratamento e prevenção da obesidade e metabolismo hepático.

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Anabolic androgenic relation and adverse effects of 5?-hydroxy laxogenin in trained rats