Evaluation of corn storage in humid tropical climate for use in poultry feed
Keywords:
animal nutrition, broilers, grains storage, laying hens, poultry science
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different periods of corn storage in humid tropical conditions on poultry diets (layers and broilers). Two experiments were carried out, where in the first 150 laying hens were used, and in the second 240 broilers were used. In the first experiment, the laying hens were distributed in CRD, where the treatments were constituted by five periods of corn storage (1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) with five replicates and six birds each, evaluating their performance and egg quality by 84 days. In the second experiment, the broilers were distributed in CRD, where the treatments were constituted by five periods of corn storage (1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) with four replicates of 12 birds each, evaluating their performance in three management stages and carcass and cuts yields after slaughter. The collected data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's test at 0.01 and 0.05. For laying hens, the use of corn stored up to 28 days did not significantly affect (P>0.05) the performance and most egg quality results, where only yolk color and Haugh unit results decreasing (P≤0.05) according to the corn storage period was increased. For broilers, most performance variables and breast and drumstick yields were significantly affected (P≤0,05), where their results decreasing according to the corn storage period was increased.References
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COKER, R.D. Aflatoxin: Past, present and future. Trop. Sci., v. 21, p. 143-162, 1979.
CRUZ, F.G.G.; RUFINO, J.P.F.; MELO, R.D.; FEIJÓ, J.C.; DAMASCENO, J.L.; COSTA, A.P.G.C. Perfil socioeconômico da avicultura no setor primário do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Rev. em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente, v. 9, n. 2, p. 371-391, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2016v9n2p371-391
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PUZZI, D. Conservação dos grãos Armazenados – Armazéns e Silos. São Paulo: Editora Agronômica Ceres Ltda., 1973. 217p.
REED, C.; DOYUNGAN, S.; IOERGER, B.; GETCHELL, A. Response of storage molds to different initial moisture contents of maize (corn) stored at 25 °C, and effect on respiration rate and nutrient composition. J. Stored Prod. Res., v. 43, p. 443-458, 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2006.12.006
ROSTAGNO, H.S.; ALBINO, L.F.T.; HANNAS, M.I.; DONZELE, J.L.; SAKOMURA, N.K.; COSTA, F.G.P.; SARAIVA, A.; TEIXEIRA, M.L.; RODRIGUES, P.B.; OLIVEIRA, R.F.; BARRETO, S.L.T.; BRITO, C.O. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. Viçosa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2017. 488p.
SANTOS, J.F.; GRANGEIRO, J.I. Desempenho de aves caipiras de corte alimentadas com mandioca e palma forrageira enriquecidas com levedura. Cienc. Tecnol. Agropecuaria, v. 6, n. 2, p. 49-54, 2012.
SAS - Statistical Analysis System. SAS/STAT Software Version 9.2. Cary: SAS Institute Inc., 2008.
STRINGHINI, J.H.; MOGYCA, N.S.; ANDRADE, M.A.; ORSINE, G.F.; CAFÉ, M.B.; BORGES, S.A. Efeito da qualidade do milho no desempenho de frangos de corte. Rev. Bras. Zootec., v. 29, n. 1, p. 191-198, 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982000000100026
SUPERCRAC. Ração de custo mínimo. Versão 1.02 p/ Windows. [S.I]: TD Software, 2008.
YIN, D.; YUAN, J.; GUO, Y.; CHIBA, L.I. Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens. Anim. Nutr., v. 3, n. 3, p. 252-257, 2017. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.aninu.2017.04.007
VALAREZO, S.; JACQUES, K.A.; WEIR, J.; OBREGON, H. Comparative effects of antibiotic, mannaoligosaccharide and mycotoxin absorbent on performance of commercial broilers fed pelleted diets. In: Mycosorb Technical Dossier. Nicholasville (KY): Alltech Inc., p. 25, 1997.
VIRGINIA, N.S. Interaction of factors to control microbial spoilage of refrigerated foods. J. Food Prot., v. 52, n. 6, p. 431-435, 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-52.6.431
BARTOV, I. Effect of storage duration on the nutritional value of corn kernels for broiler chicks. Poult. Sci., v. 75, p. 1524-1527, 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0751524
BLÀHA, J.; TAMCHINOVA, J.; REISNEROVA, H. The occurrence of moulds and aflatoxin B1 in Vietnamese feeds. J. Trop. Sci., v. 30, p. 21-31, 1990.
BRELAZ, K.C.B.T.R.; CRUZ, F.G.G.; BRASIL, R.J.M.; SILVA, A.F.; RUFINO, J.P.F.; COSTA, V.R.; VIANA FILHO, G.B. Fish waste oil in laying hens diets. Braz. J. Poult. Sci., v. 21, p. 1-10, 2019. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1069
CHRASTIL, J. Chemical and physicochemical changes of rice during storage at different temperatures. J. Cereal Sci., v. 11, p. 71-85, 1990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-5210(09)80182-3
COKER, R.D. Aflatoxin: Past, present and future. Trop. Sci., v. 21, p. 143-162, 1979.
CRUZ, F.G.G.; RUFINO, J.P.F.; MELO, R.D.; FEIJÓ, J.C.; DAMASCENO, J.L.; COSTA, A.P.G.C. Perfil socioeconômico da avicultura no setor primário do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Rev. em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente, v. 9, n. 2, p. 371-391, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2016v9n2p371-391
CRUZ, F.G.G.; RUFINO, J.P.F. Formulação e fabricação de rações (Aves, Suínos e Peixes). Manaus: EDUA, 2017. 92p.
DALE, N. Matching corn quality and nutritional value. Feed Mix, v. 2, n. 1, p. 26-29, 1994.
GARCÍA-ROSAS, M.; BELLO-PÉREZ, A.; YEE-MADEIRA, H.; RAMOS, G.; FLORES-MORALES, A.; MORA-ESCOBEDO, R. Resistant starch content and structural changes in corn (Zea mays) tortillas during storage. Starch, v. 61, p. 414-421, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/star.200800147
JAFARI, M.; PIRMOHAMMADI, R.; BAMPIDIS, V. The use of dried tomato pulp in diets of laying hens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., v. 5, n. 7, p. 618-622, 2006. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2006.618.622
KALETA, A.; GRNICKI, K. Criteria of Determination of Safe Grain Storage Time – A Review. In: GRUNDAS, S.; STEPNIEWSKI, A. Advances in Agrophysical Research. London: IntechOpen, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/3341
LIU, Y.H.; LIU, B.Y.; YIN, D.F.; XIA, Z.F.; YUAN, J.M. Effect of corns at different storage periods on serum biochemical parameters and organ histology of broilers. China Poultry, v. 37, n. 13, p. 22-26, 2015.
MASON, L.J.; RULON, R.A.; MAIER, D.E. Chilled versus ambient aeration and fumigation of stored popcorn. Part 2: Pest management. J. Stored Prod. Res., v. 33, n. 1, p. 51-58, 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(96)00024-0
MENDES, A.A.; PATRÍCIO, I.S. Controles, registros e avaliação do desempenho de frangos de corte. In: MENDES, A.A.; NÄÄS, I.A.; MACARI, M. (Ed.). Produção de frangos de corte. Campinas: FACTA. p. 323-336, 2004.
MUGODE, L.; HA, B.; KAUNDA, A.; SIKOMBE, T.; PHIRI, S.; MUTALE, R.; DAVIS, C.; TANUMIHARDJO, S.; MOURA, F.F. Carotenoid retention of biofortified provitamin a maize (Zea mays L.) after zambian traditional methods of milling, cooking and storage. J. Agric. Food Chem., v. 62, n. 27, p. 6317-6325, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf501233f
NJOBEH, P.B.; IJI, P.A.; NSAHLAI, I.V.; SLIPPERS, S.C. The effects of storage condition and preservatives on maize-based diets for broiler chickens. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci., v. 34, n. 4, p. 274-281, 2004.
PARAGINSKI, R.T.; ROCKENBACH, B.A.; SANTOS, R.F.; ELIAS, M.C.; OLIVEIRA, M. Qualidade de grãos de milho armazenados em diferentes temperaturas. Rev. Bras. de Eng. Agricola e Ambient., v. 19, n. 4, p. 358–363, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n4p358-363
PARK, C.E.; KIM, Y.S.; PARK, K.J.; KIM, B.K. Changes in physicochemical characteristics of rice during storage at different temperatures. J. Stored Prod. Res., v. 48, p. 25-29, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2011.08.005
POMERARTZ, Y. Biochemical, functional, and nutritive changes during storage. In: CHRISTENSEN, C.M. (ed.). Storage of cereal grains and their products. St. Paul (MN): American Association of Cereal Chemists, p. 56-114, 1974.
PUZZI, D. Conservação dos grãos Armazenados – Armazéns e Silos. São Paulo: Editora Agronômica Ceres Ltda., 1973. 217p.
REED, C.; DOYUNGAN, S.; IOERGER, B.; GETCHELL, A. Response of storage molds to different initial moisture contents of maize (corn) stored at 25 °C, and effect on respiration rate and nutrient composition. J. Stored Prod. Res., v. 43, p. 443-458, 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2006.12.006
ROSTAGNO, H.S.; ALBINO, L.F.T.; HANNAS, M.I.; DONZELE, J.L.; SAKOMURA, N.K.; COSTA, F.G.P.; SARAIVA, A.; TEIXEIRA, M.L.; RODRIGUES, P.B.; OLIVEIRA, R.F.; BARRETO, S.L.T.; BRITO, C.O. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. Viçosa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2017. 488p.
SANTOS, J.F.; GRANGEIRO, J.I. Desempenho de aves caipiras de corte alimentadas com mandioca e palma forrageira enriquecidas com levedura. Cienc. Tecnol. Agropecuaria, v. 6, n. 2, p. 49-54, 2012.
SAS - Statistical Analysis System. SAS/STAT Software Version 9.2. Cary: SAS Institute Inc., 2008.
STRINGHINI, J.H.; MOGYCA, N.S.; ANDRADE, M.A.; ORSINE, G.F.; CAFÉ, M.B.; BORGES, S.A. Efeito da qualidade do milho no desempenho de frangos de corte. Rev. Bras. Zootec., v. 29, n. 1, p. 191-198, 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982000000100026
SUPERCRAC. Ração de custo mínimo. Versão 1.02 p/ Windows. [S.I]: TD Software, 2008.
YIN, D.; YUAN, J.; GUO, Y.; CHIBA, L.I. Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens. Anim. Nutr., v. 3, n. 3, p. 252-257, 2017. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.aninu.2017.04.007
VALAREZO, S.; JACQUES, K.A.; WEIR, J.; OBREGON, H. Comparative effects of antibiotic, mannaoligosaccharide and mycotoxin absorbent on performance of commercial broilers fed pelleted diets. In: Mycosorb Technical Dossier. Nicholasville (KY): Alltech Inc., p. 25, 1997.
VIRGINIA, N.S. Interaction of factors to control microbial spoilage of refrigerated foods. J. Food Prot., v. 52, n. 6, p. 431-435, 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-52.6.431
Published
2023-08-09
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Agrobusiness
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