Classification of Moral Harm in Labor Courts: A Critical Analysis from the Point of View of Accessing Justice and the Democratic Constitutional Process

Abstract

Law 13.467/2017 and Act 808/2017 established the classification of moral harm in the labor courts and determined the criterion of the employee´s salary as the indemnity amount. Dispositions are, however, unconstitutional since they are against the basic right to equality, besides segregating people. The casuistic analysis of the extension of the harm is impaired and it is an offense towards the access of justice and to the constitutional model of the democratic process. It privileges judicial initiative to the detriment of the rights of the parties involved in the suit to construct discursively a final solution. Access to justice is a right which is concretized when the parties may participate in the construction of the process and their allegations and proofs are rationally analyzed by the judge. The theme is justified due to its modernity, practical and theoretical relevance. Through bibliographical and documental research, one may identify aporias, build critical analyses and show that the proposal to label moral harm in labor justice is an offense to material equality, access to justice and to the constitutional model of the process.